자동 디스크 문제: dmesg 보고서 이해 및 위험 평가

10노드 Cassandra 클러스터가 있고 노드 중 4개에 일부 보고된 디스크 오류가 표시됩니다 dmesg. 이러한 보고서는 거의 매 시간마다 나타납니다.

오류가 보고된 디스크는 8TB 논리 볼륨의 절반입니다. 다른 디스크는 오류를 보고하지 않는 것 같습니다.

[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sas: Enter sas_scsi_recover_host busy: 1 failed: 1
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sas: ata7: end_device-0:0: cmd error handler
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sas: ata7: end_device-0:0: dev error handler
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sas: ata8: end_device-0:1: dev error handler
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: failed command: READ DMA EXT
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: cmd 25/00:08:10:d8:5d/00:00:84:01:00/e0 tag 8 dma 4096 in
         res 51/40:00:10:d8:5d/00:00:84:01:00/e0 Emask 0x9 (media error)
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: error: { UNC }
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: configured for UDMA/133
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor]
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 01 84 5d d8 10 00 00 00 08 00 00
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 6515709968
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7: EH complete
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] sas: --- Exit sas_scsi_recover_host: busy: 0 failed: 1 tries: 1
[Wed Sep 28 12:29:02 2022] ata7.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data

iostat -xdct 1 100R/W 속도 및 평균 대기열 크기에 대해 매우 합리적인 수치를 보여줍니다 .

grep "^sda" iostat-xdct | awk '{n+=1; r+=$6; w+=$7; qsz+=$9; qmx=qmx<$9?$9:qmx; qmi=qmi>$9?$9:qmi}END{printf("%.3f\t%.3f\t%.3f\t\t[%.3f , %.3f]\n",r/n,w/n,qsz/n,qmi,qmx)}'

818.239 6.939   0.038           [0.000 , 0.890]

우리의 모든 일반적인 지표에 따르면 시스템은 잘 작동하고 있습니다. 하지만 이로 인해 예상치 못한 순간에 치명적인 시스템 오류가 발생할 수 있다는 우려가 있습니다.

보고된 오류가 무엇을 의미하는지 모르겠습니다. 나는 시스템을 이와 같이 계속 실행하는 것과 관련된 위험을 평가하는 방법을 잘 모르겠습니다. 디스크를 즉시 교체해야 하나요?

smartctl -a /dev/sda의 출력을 여기에 붙여넣겠습니다.

smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     Samsung SSD 870 EVO 4TB
Serial Number:    S6BBNJ0R700321V
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 f31706f50
Firmware Version: SVT01B6Q
User Capacity:    4,000,787,030,016 bytes [4.00 TB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device
Form Factor:      2.5 inches
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   Unknown(0x09fc), ACS-4 T13/BSR INCITS 529 revision 5
SATA Version is:  SATA >3.2 (0x1ff), 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Wed Sep 28 12:58:46 2022 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                    was never started.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                    without error or no self-test has ever
                    been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:        (    0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:            (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    No Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:    ( 320) minutes.
SCT capabilities:          (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   068   068   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       1510
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   098   098   000    Old_age   Always       -       9429
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       6
177 Wear_Leveling_Count     0x0013   099   099   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       11
179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot   0x0013   068   068   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       1510
181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total  0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total  0x0032   100   100   010    Old_age   Always       -       0
183 Runtime_Bad_Block       0x0013   068   068   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       1510
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       8242
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032   068   056   000    Old_age   Always       -       32
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x001a   199   199   000    Old_age   Always       -       8242
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
235 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       4
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0032   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       35415578583

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 8242 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
    CR = Command Register [HEX]
    FR = Features Register [HEX]
    SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
    SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
    CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
    CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
    DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
    DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
    ER = Error register [HEX]
    ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 8242 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 9429 hours (392 days + 21 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 08 10 d8 5d e0  Error:

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------

Error 8241 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 9428 hours (392 days + 20 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 08 e8 d7 5d e0  Error:

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------

Error 8240 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 9427 hours (392 days + 19 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 08 e8 d7 5d e0  Error:

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------

Error 8239 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 9427 hours (392 days + 19 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 08 e8 d7 5d e0  Error:

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------

Error 8238 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 9426 hours (392 days + 18 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 08 e8 d7 5d e0  Error:

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
  256        0    65535  Read_scanning was never started
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.