저는 버려진 컴퓨터에서 가져온 오래된 Seagate 4TB 내장 하드 드라이브를 게임용 백업 하드 드라이브로 재활용할 계획입니다.
안전을 위해 먼저 smartctl 스캔을 실행하고 싶었기 때문에 그렇게 하고 smartctl -t short /dev/sdb결과를 얻었습니다. "WHEN_FAILED" 열에 아무 것도 표시되지 않으므로 문제가 없어 보입니다(처음에는 주로 온도 관련 오류에 관심이 있었습니다). 그런데 나는 보았다.2018년 기사 "Current_Pending_Sector"에 대한 언급은 꽤 심각합니다. 제 것은 0이 아니고 오류도 있습니다... 신경써야 할지 잘 모르겠어서 SE를 시도해 볼까 생각했습니다. .
지금까지 내 추측으로는 중요한 내용을 넣지 말아야 한다는 것입니다. 하지만 저장 폴더를 심볼릭 링크하여 다른 곳에(더 나은 결과를 얻을 수 있는 드라이브에) 존재하도록 하고 다시 신경쓰지 않으면 게임에서 사용할 수 있을 것입니다. 드라이브가 실패하면 설치된 게임을 다운로드합니다. 또한 "READ DMA EXT" 오류가 임박한 오류를 나타내는지 아니면 케이블이나 기타 일회성 이벤트일 수 있는지 확실하지 않습니다(오류 35-39만 볼 수 있고 모두 "16936시간"에 발생합니다...아닙니다. 모든 오류를 볼 수 있는 방법이 있는지, 아니면 표시된 대로 마지막 5개의 오류만 저장하는지 확인하세요. OTOH, 설치하거나 데이터를 복사하는 데 아무런 문제가 없었습니다(친척의 것이고 그들은 더 이상 원하지 않습니다. 단지 일부 사진/비디오만 있을 뿐입니다).
드라이브에 수명이 조금이라도 남아 있을 가능성이 조금이라도 있다면 덜 중요한 것으로 바꿔도 괜찮습니다. 하지만 가까운 장래에 실패할 가능성이 높으며 새 자석을 구입하는 것 외에는 시간을 낭비하고 싶지 않습니다. :-) 어떤 제안/권장 사항이 있습니까?
어쨌든 다시 달려가 smartctl -t long /dev/sdb다음날까지 기다렸다 smartctl -a /dev/sdb. 결과는 다음과 같습니다.
I_AM_ROOT@fedora35:~
# smartctl -a /dev/sdb
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.7-200.fc35.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Desktop HDD.15
Device Model: ST4000DM000-1F2168
Serial Number: <Redacted>
LU WWN Device Id: <Redacted>
Firmware Version: CC54
User Capacity: 4,000,787,030,016 bytes [4.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5900 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Dec 17 11:44:49 2021 EST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 118) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 168) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 528) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x1085) SCT Status supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 119 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 233492808
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 092 091 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 099 099 020 Old_age Always - 1890
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 044 039 030 Pre-fail Always - 678608011490
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 065 065 000 Old_age Always - 30836
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 020 Old_age Always - 1206
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 061 061 000 Old_age Always - 39
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 0 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 071 058 045 Old_age Always - 29 (Min/Max 27/32)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 304
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 084 084 000 Old_age Always - 32204
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 029 042 000 Old_age Always - 29 (0 12 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 16
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 16
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 23293h+16m+41.533s
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 19236444339
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 27220280383
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 39 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 39 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 16936 hours (705 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:22.764 READ DMA EXT
25 00 40 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:22.762 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:22.736 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:22.735 READ DMA EXT
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 04:59:22.735 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
Error 38 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 16936 hours (705 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:18.709 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:18.696 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:18.693 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:18.631 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:59:18.631 READ DMA EXT
Error 37 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 16936 hours (705 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:53.914 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:53.914 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:53.882 READ DMA EXT
ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00 04:57:53.881 SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 04:57:53.881 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]
Error 36 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 16936 hours (705 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:49.903 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:49.903 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:49.903 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:49.903 READ DMA EXT
25 00 08 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:49.903 READ DMA EXT
Error 35 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 16936 hours (705 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:45.210 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:45.181 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:45.179 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:45.178 READ DMA EXT
25 00 58 ff ff ff ef 00 04:57:45.149 READ DMA EXT
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 60% 30817 3723785408
# 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 30812 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
답변1
SMART도 나쁘지는 않지만 HDD 펌웨어로 해결할 수 없는 몇 가지 오류가 있습니다.
이제 어느 섹터가 손상되었는지 정확히 알고 있으므로 dd를 사용하여 해당 섹터를 재할당해 볼 수 있습니다.
https://www.smartmontools.org/wiki/BadBlockHowto
하지만 드라이브는 현재 사용하기에 안전하지 않으므로 수리하더라도 손실될 수 있는 중요하지 않은 정보를 저장하는 데에만 사용하는 것이 좋습니다.