다음 형식의 SMART 테스트에 실패한 드라이브가 있습니다.
smartctl -a /dev/sdc:
...
# 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6354 4377408
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6354 4377408
그런 다음 이 "섹터"를 불량으로 표시하고 싶기 때문에 여기에 많은 데이터를 작성하면 된다고 가정합니다. 그래서 저는 dd0을 여러 개 썼어요. 이로 인해 드라이브가 가득 찼고 그 후 또 다른 스마트 테스트를 실행했습니다.
성공적으로 완료되었지만 SMART 속성을 살펴보면 변경 사항이 없습니다.
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
항상 드라이브 고장의 위험이 있다는 사실을 잘 아는 것 외에도 위의 정보가 드라이브 고장과 관련이 있습니까?
smartctl 속성의 이전/이후 차이점은 다음과 같습니다.
diff --git a/x.txt b/x.txt
index 4cfe1b7..1bcace5 100644
--- a/x.txt
+++ b/x.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
-Local Time is: Sun Feb 24 16:50:01 2019 GMT
+Local Time is: Mon Feb 25 18:33:35 2019 GMT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
@@ -55,31 +55,38 @@ SCT capabilities: (0x70b5) SCT Status supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
- 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
- 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 180 179 021 Pre-fail Always - 5991
- 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 114
+ 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 4
+ 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 177 177 021 Pre-fail Always - 6116
+ 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 116
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
- 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 6356
+ 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 6372
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
- 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 57
+ 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 59
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 46
-193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 67
-194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 122 114 000 Old_age Always - 28
+193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 69
+194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 116 114 000 Old_age Always - 34
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
-200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 1
+200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
-# 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6354 4377408
-# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6354 4377408
+# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6367 -
+# 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 6361 4377409
+# 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6361 4377409
+# 4 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6359 4377409
+# 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6359 -
+# 6 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 6356 4377409
+# 7 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6354 4377408
+# 8 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6354 4377408
+6 of 6 failed self-tests are outdated by newer successful extended offline self-test # 1
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
전류 출력 smartctl -a:
smartctl 6.6 2018-12-05 r4851 [x86_64-linux-4.14.98] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital AV-GP (AF)
Device Model: WDC WD20EURS-63SPKY0
Serial Number: WD-WMC1T2763021
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6addb4b7c
Firmware Version: 80.00A80
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ACS-2 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 3.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Mon Feb 25 18:49:12 2019 GMT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (27240) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 275) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70b5) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 4
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 177 177 021 Pre-fail Always - 6116
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 116
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 6373
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 59
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 46
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 69
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 116 114 000 Old_age Always - 34
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 6367 -
# 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 6361 4377409
# 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6361 4377409
# 4 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6359 4377409
# 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 6359 -
# 6 Short offline Completed: read failure 60% 6356 4377409
# 7 Short offline Completed: read failure 50% 6354 4377408
# 8 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 6354 4377408
6 of 6 failed self-tests are outdated by newer successful extended offline self-test # 1
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
답변1
아니요, 불량 섹터로 표시하고 싶지는 않습니다. 읽을 수 없는 섹터에 쓰고 싶습니다 :)
어제 인용했듯이smartctl이 전체 상태 테스트를 통과했다고 보고했지만 테스트가 실패했습니까?
디스크가 단일 읽기로 해당 섹터의 데이터를 읽을 수 있고 손상이 일시적이 아니라 영구적인 경우 디스크 펌웨어는 해당 섹터를 "불량"으로 표시하고 이를 대체할 예비 섹터를 할당합니다.그러나 디스크가 해당 섹터를 한 번도 읽을 수 없으면 섹터가 재할당되지 않습니다., 미래의 어느 시점에서 데이터를 읽을 수 있기를 바랍니다.읽을 수 없는(손상된) 섹터에 쓰면 문제가 해결됩니다. 손상이 일시적인 경우 새롭고 일관된 데이터가 해당 섹터에 기록됩니다.손상이 영구적인 경우 쓰기로 인해 섹터 재할당이 강제됩니다.
(굵게 표시된 부분은 제가 직접 작성한 것입니다. 원본 출처:스마트몬툴즈 FAQ)
어제는 재할당된 섹터가 없었고 오늘도 재할당된 섹터가 없습니다. Raw_Read_Error_Rate이는 불량 섹터 수가 4개에 도달한다는 사실을 무시하면 디스크의 불량 섹터가 "동일하게 정상"임을 의미합니다 . 오프라인 테스트로 인해 발생한 문제인가요?
하지만 테스트 1과 5에서 읽을 수 없는 섹터를 수정했습니다. 이것은 좋다. 그런데 이상한 점은 테스트 2~4도 실패했다는 점이다.
흠, 아마도 몇 가지 테스트를 더 실행하고 무슨 일이 일어나는지 살펴보겠습니다. 그리고 Raw_Read_Error_Rate테스트를 실행하거나 dd를 사용하여 0을 쓸 때 주의하세요.