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특정 호스트 이름을 확인하는 이름 서버를 찾는 방법

tag-icon • tag-icon debian dns hostname ping
특정 호스트 이름을 확인하는 이름 서버를 찾는 방법

저는 Ubuntu 14.04를 실행 중이며 최근에 일부 호스트 이름 확인 구성을 변경했습니다. 그래서 지금은 이를 최적화하려고 노력 중입니다. 이를 위해 어떤 네임서버가 내 요청의 특정 호스트 이름을 확인하는지 알아내야 합니다.

완전히 해결되었는지 확인하기 위해 호스트 이름을 핑(ping)해 볼 수 있지만 my.hostname.example.net, 특정 호스트 이름을 해결한 이름 서버를 어떻게 알 수 있습니까?

답변1

DNS 확인을 디버깅하고 DNS 조회를 확인하는 데 사용된 경로를 표시하는 데 사용할 수 있는 몇 가지 명령이 있습니다.

  • 도메인 추적기

설치하세요:

sudo apt-get install dnstracer

사용 예:

$ dnstracer www.cnn.com
Tracing to www.cnn.com[a] via 193.136.188.1, maximum of 3 retries
193.136.188.1 (193.136.188.1) Got answer [received type is cname] 
 |\___ ns1.fastly.net [fastly.net] (23.235.32.32) 
 |\___ ns4.fastly.net [fastly.net] (104.156.84.32) 
 |\___ ns3.fastly.net [fastly.net] (23.235.36.32) 
  \___ ns2.fastly.net [fastly.net] (104.156.80.32) 

NAME
       dnstracer - trace a chain of DNS servers to the source


DESCRIPTION
       dnstracer determines where a given Domain Name Server (DNS) gets its
       information from, and follows the chain of DNS servers back to the
       servers which know the data.
  • nslookup의 디버그 모드

예:

$ nslookup
> set debug
> www.cnn.com
Server:     193.136.188.1
Address:    193.136.188.1#53

------------
    QUESTIONS:
    www.cnn.com, type = A, class = IN
    ANSWERS:
    ->  www.cnn.com
    canonical name = turner.map.fastly.net.
    ttl = 191
    ->  turner.map.fastly.net
    internet address = 151.101.36.73
    ttl = 30
    AUTHORITY RECORDS:
    ->  fastly.net
    nameserver = ns2.fastly.net.
    ttl = 13130
    ->  fastly.net
    nameserver = ns3.fastly.net.
    ttl = 13130
    ->  fastly.net
    nameserver = ns4.fastly.net.
    ttl = 13130
    ->  fastly.net
    nameserver = ns1.fastly.net.
    ttl = 13130
    ADDITIONAL RECORDS:
    ->  ns1.fastly.net
    internet address = 23.235.32.32
    ttl = 13130
    ->  ns2.fastly.net
    internet address = 104.156.80.32
    ttl = 13130
    ->  ns3.fastly.net
    internet address = 23.235.36.32
    ttl = 13130
    ->  ns4.fastly.net
    internet address = 104.156.84.32
    ttl = 13130
------------
Non-authoritative answer:
www.cnn.com canonical name = turner.map.fastly.net.
Name:   turner.map.fastly.net
Address: 151.101.36.73
  • 굴착 추적

예:

$ dig +trace +recurse +all www.cnn.com. a

; <<>> DiG 9.8.3-P1 <<>> +trace +recurse +all www.cnn.com. a
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 37660
;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 13

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;.              IN  NS

;; ANSWER SECTION:
.           456885  IN  NS  j.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  k.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  l.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  m.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  a.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  b.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  c.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  d.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  e.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  f.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  g.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  h.root-servers.net.
.           456885  IN  NS  i.root-servers.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
a.root-servers.net. 543296  IN  A   198.41.0.4
a.root-servers.net. 111296  IN  AAAA    2001:503:ba3e::2:30
b.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   192.228.79.201
b.root-servers.net. 111296  IN  AAAA    2001:500:84::b
c.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   192.33.4.12
c.root-servers.net. 111296  IN  AAAA    2001:500:2::c
d.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   199.7.91.13
d.root-servers.net. 111296  IN  AAAA    2001:500:2d::d
e.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   192.203.230.10
f.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   192.5.5.241
f.root-servers.net. 111296  IN  AAAA    2001:500:2f::f
g.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   192.112.36.4
h.root-servers.net. 604618  IN  A   198.97.190.53

;; Query time: 22 msec
;; SERVER: 10.19.90.11#53(10.19.90.11)
;; WHEN: Mon Dec  5 18:06:06 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 496

;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 16113
;; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 14

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.cnn.com.           IN  A

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
com.            172800  IN  NS  k.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  f.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  e.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  g.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  j.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  h.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  m.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  b.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  i.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  a.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  d.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  c.gtld-servers.net.
com.            172800  IN  NS  l.gtld-servers.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
a.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.5.6.30
b.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.33.14.30
c.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.26.92.30
d.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.31.80.30
e.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.12.94.30
f.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.35.51.30
g.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.42.93.30
h.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.54.112.30
i.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.43.172.30
j.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.48.79.30
k.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.52.178.30
l.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.41.162.30
m.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  A   192.55.83.30
a.gtld-servers.net. 172800  IN  AAAA    2001:503:a83e::2:30

;; Query time: 196 msec
;; SERVER: 192.112.36.4#53(192.112.36.4)
;; WHEN: Mon Dec  5 18:06:07 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 489

;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44429
;; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 10, ADDITIONAL: 6

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.cnn.com.           IN  A

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns3.ultradns.org.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns4.ultradns.org.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns1.ultradns.net.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns2.ultradns.net.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns5.ultradns.info.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  pdns6.ultradns.co.uk.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  ns-47.awsdns-05.com.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  ns-576.awsdns-08.net.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  ns-1630.awsdns-11.co.uk.
cnn.com.        172800  IN  NS  ns-1086.awsdns-07.org.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
pdns1.ultradns.net. 172800  IN  AAAA    2001:502:f3ff::1
pdns1.ultradns.net. 172800  IN  A   204.74.108.1
pdns2.ultradns.net. 172800  IN  A   204.74.109.1
pdns2.ultradns.net. 172800  IN  AAAA    2610:a1:1014::1
ns-47.awsdns-05.com.    172800  IN  A   205.251.192.47
ns-576.awsdns-08.net.   172800  IN  A   205.251.194.64

;; Query time: 58 msec
;; SERVER: 192.31.80.30#53(192.31.80.30)
;; WHEN: Mon Dec  5 18:06:07 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 445

;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 47226
;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.cnn.com.           IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.cnn.com.        300 IN  CNAME   turner.map.fastly.net.

;; Query time: 64 msec
;; SERVER: 204.74.114.1#53(204.74.114.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Dec  5 18:06:07 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 64

답변2

특정 도메인의 호스트 이름을 확인하는 이름 서버를 알아야 합니다.

언급했듯이 dig이것은 당신이 찾고 있는 명령입니다. 예를 들어, google.com 호스트의 이름을 누가 확인했는지 알고 싶다면 다음 명령을 실행합니다.

dig google.com ns

다음 결과를 반환합니다.

; <<>> DiG 9.10.3-P4-Ubuntu <<>> google.com ns
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 62331
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;google.com.                    IN      NS

;; ANSWER SECTION:
google.com.             152786  IN      NS      ns4.google.com.
google.com.             152786  IN      NS      ns1.google.com.
google.com.             152786  IN      NS      ns3.google.com.
google.com.             152786  IN      NS      ns2.google.com.

;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Dec 05 17:35:07 CET 2016
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 111

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