내 하드 드라이브를 죽였어

1Tb HDD 외부 USB 3.0 드라이브에 몇 가지 문제가 있습니다. 잘못된 방식으로 포맷했습니다. /dev/sdb1 대신 /dev/sdb를 썼는데 이제 드라이브를 사용할 수 없습니다.

fdisk /dev/sdb
fdisk: unable to read /dev/sdb: Input/output error

지난 토요일에 dd 명령을 사용하여 0으로 sdb 장치에 기록했습니다. 오늘 프로세스가 완료되었습니다(내 두 번째 컴퓨터에서 이 명령을 일주일 동안 실행했습니다). 그런데 dd에 관해 흥미로운 점을 발견했습니다. count = 1로 설정하면 다음이 표시됩니다.

bs=512 - Input/Output error
bs=1024 - Input/Output error
bs=4096 - Okay!

하지만 내가 한 일은 아무 것도 효과가 없었습니다. sfdisk는 또한 IO 오류가 있다고 말했습니다.

HDD는 SATA에 연결되며 USB 어댑터가 필요하지 않습니다.

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내가 뭘 한거지...

1. gparted를 사용하여 모든 파티션을 삭제했습니다.
2. 새 파티션 테이블을 생성했지만 gparted가 충돌했습니다.
3. fdisk를 사용하여 파티션을 다시 만들었습니다.
4. 내 머릿속에 무슨 일이 일어났고 dd를 사용하여 장치를 0으로 채우기로 결정했습니다.
5. dd를 시작하고 프로세스를 완료하는 데 며칠이 걸릴지 계산할 때 Ctrl+C를 누르고... fdisk에서 블록 0을 읽거나 쓸 수 없다고 말합니다.

dd가 모든 디스크와 다른 많은 디스크를 채울 때까지 기다리면서 sfdisk를 사용해 보았습니다.

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dmesg가 말했습니다:

[573000.557900] Buffer I/O error on device sdb, logical block 244187588
[573000.558550] lost page write due to I/O error on sdb

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smartctl -a /dev/sdb:

smartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-95-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Momentus SpinPoint M8 (AF)
Device Model:     ST1000LM024 HN-M101MBB
Serial Number:    S318J9DG719286
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0004cf 21029e6dc
Firmware Version: 2BA30001
User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 3.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Sat Sep 10 13:39:04 2016 MSK
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                    was never started.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (  23) The self-test routine was aborted by
                    the host.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:        (12480) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:            (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    No Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:    ( 208) minutes.
SCT capabilities:          (0x003f) SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   100   100   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0026   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0023   090   089   025    Pre-fail  Always       -       3246
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   089   089   000    Old_age   Always       -       11227
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   252   252   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   252   252   051    Old_age   Always       -       0
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   0x0024   252   252   015    Old_age   Offline      -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       4289
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   252   252   051    Old_age   Always       -       0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       19
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       247
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       80
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       48
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0002   064   054   000    Old_age   Always       -       26 (Min/Max 16/46)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   252   252   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   252   252   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0036   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x002a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1241
223 Load_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       19
225 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   079   079   000    Old_age   Always       -       221164

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Aborted by host               70%       427         -
# 2  Short offline       Completed without error       00%       330         -
# 3  Short offline       Completed without error       00%       162         -
# 4  Short offline       Completed without error       00%        52         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 0
Note: revision number not 1 implies that no selective self-test has ever been run
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Aborted_by_host [70% left] (0-65535)
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.