현재 Linux 사용자를 추가, 제거, 수정하는 데 문제가 있습니다. Linux를 처음 접했기 때문에 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 모든 노력을 다했다고 확신합니다.
[root@device01 /]# useradd testuser
useradd: cannot lock /etc/passwd; try again later.
기존 사용자의 비밀번호를 변경하려고 하면 다음도 반환됩니다.
[root@device01 ~]# passwd olduser
Changing password for user olduser.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new password: passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
잠금 파일(/etc/gshadow.lock, /etc/shadow.lock, /etc/passwd.lock 및 /etc/group.lock)이 없는지 확인합니다.
파일 시스템이 올바르게 마운트되었는지 확인하기 위해 다음 명령을 실행하려고 시도했지만 실패했습니다.
[root@device01 /]# mount -o remount,rw /
can't create lock file /etc/mtab~60598: No space left on device (use -n flag to override)
[root@device01 /]#
디스크 공간 사용량을 확인해도 아무 것도 표시되지 않습니다(누락된 것이 없는 한).
[root@device01 /]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 51606140 6953044 42031656 15% /
tmpfs 3881396 0 3881396 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/ddf1_4c5349202020202080862925000000004711471100001e78p1
495844 120559 349685 26% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
112173808 20244156 86231504 20% /home
/dev/mapper/ddf1_4c53492020202020808629250000000047114711000028a0p1
1032131696 382893688 596808680 40% /backup
/dev/sde1 1922828276 1011928116 813226168 56% /mnt/BackupDrive
서버는 약 2주 동안 재부팅되지 않았으며, 황금률을 무시하고 이를 최후의 수단으로 선호했습니다.
버전 정보는 다음과 같습니다.
[root@device01 /]# uname Linux [root@device01 /]# lsb_release LSB 버전:
:base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64 :그래픽-4.0-noarch :print-4.0-amd64 :print-4.0-noarch
제가 시도할 수 있거나 누락되었을 수 있는 다른 것이 있나요?
편집 #1
[root@device01 /]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
/dev/mapper/ddf1_4c5349202020202080862925000000004711471100001e78p1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home on /home type ext4 (rw)
/dev/mapper/ddf1_4c53492020202020808629250000000047114711000028a0p1 on /backup type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sde1 on /mnt/BackupDrive type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
편집 #2
[root@device01 ~]# strace useradd testuser
execve("/usr/sbin/useradd", ["useradd", "testuser"], [/* 28 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0x7fabaf304000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae831000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=48359, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 48359, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabae825000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libaudit.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\260%@\3243\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=115536, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2208304, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabae3f7000
mprotect(0x7fabae40e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabae60d000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x16000) = 0x7fabae60d000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libselinux.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0PX\300\3163\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=124624, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2221912, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabae1d8000
mprotect(0x7fabae1f5000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabae3f4000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c000) = 0x7fabae3f4000
mmap(0x7fabae3f6000, 1880, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae3f6000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200\36\200\3213\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=33816, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae824000
mmap(NULL, 2126416, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabadfd0000
mprotect(0x7fabadfd7000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabae1d6000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x6000) = 0x7fabae1d6000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0p\356A\3153\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1926520, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3750152, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabadc3c000
mprotect(0x7fabaddc6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabadfc6000, 20480, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x18a000) = 0x7fabadfc6000
mmap(0x7fabadfcb000, 18696, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabadfcb000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340\r\300\3153\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=22536, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2109696, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabada38000
mprotect(0x7fabada3a000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabadc3a000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x2000) = 0x7fabadc3a000
close(3) = 0
open("/lib64/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200\23\300\3203\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=21152, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae823000
mmap(NULL, 2113888, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fabad833000
mprotect(0x7fabad837000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fabada36000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x3000) = 0x7fabada36000
close(3) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae822000
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae820000
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7fabae8207a0) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabada36000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabadc3a000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabadfc6000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabae1d6000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabae3f4000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabae60d000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabaea4b000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fabae832000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae825000, 48359) = 0
statfs("/selinux", {f_type="EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC", f_bsize=4096, f_blocks=12901535, f_bfree=11155729, f_bavail=10500369, f_files=3276800, f_ffree=0, f_fsid={1688549107, 1017566797}, f_namelen=255, f_frsize=4096}) = 0
brk(0) = 0x7fabaf304000
brk(0x7fabaf325000) = 0x7fabaf325000
open("/proc/filesystems", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(3, "nodev\tsysfs\nnodev\trootfs\nnodev\tb"..., 1024) = 317
read(3, "", 1024) = 0
close(3) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, 9) = 3
fcntl(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=99158576, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 99158576, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 4, 0) = 0x7faba79a2000
close(4) = 0
open("/proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max", O_RDONLY) = 4
read(4, "65536\n", 31) = 6
close(4) = 0
mmap(NULL, 528384, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae79f000
access("/etc/shadow", F_OK) = 0
access("/etc/gshadow", F_OK) = 0
open("/etc/default/useradd", O_RDONLY) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0600, st_size=119, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(4, "# useradd defaults file\nGROUP=10"..., 4096) = 119
socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0) = 5
connect(5, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
close(5) = 0
socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0) = 5
connect(5, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
close(5) = 0
open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 5
fstat(5, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1688, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae82f000
read(5, "#\n# /etc/nsswitch.conf\n#\n# An ex"..., 4096) = 1688
read(5, "", 4096) = 0
close(5) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae82f000, 4096) = 0
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 5
fstat(5, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=48359, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 48359, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 5, 0) = 0x7fabae793000
close(5) = 0
open("/lib64/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 5
read(5, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\360!\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(5, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=65928, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2151824, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 5, 0) = 0x7faba7794000
mprotect(0x7faba77a0000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7faba79a0000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 5, 0xc000) = 0x7faba79a0000
close(5) = 0
mprotect(0x7faba79a0000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae793000, 48359) = 0
open("/etc/group", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 5
fcntl(5, F_GETFD) = 0x1 (flags FD_CLOEXEC)
fstat(5, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2595, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae82f000
read(5, "root:x:0:\nbin:x:1:bin,daemon\ndae"..., 4096) = 2595
close(5) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae82f000, 4096) = 0
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
open("/etc/login.defs", O_RDONLY) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1816, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(4, "#\n# Please note that the paramet"..., 4096) = 1816
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0) = 4
connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
close(4) = 0
socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0) = 4
connect(4, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
close(4) = 0
open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=4671, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(4, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 4096
read(4, "b:x:560:501::/home/claireb:/bin/"..., 4096) = 575
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
open("/etc/group", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2595, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(4, "root:x:0:\nbin:x:1:bin,daemon\ndae"..., 4096) = 2595
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
open("/etc/.pwd.lock", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC, 0600) = 4
fcntl(4, F_GETFD) = 0x1 (flags FD_CLOEXEC)
rt_sigaction(SIGALRM, {0x7fabadd2b110, ~[], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fabadc6e6a0}, {SIG_DFL, [], 0}, 8) = 0
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [ALRM], [], 8) = 0
alarm(15) = 0
fcntl(4, F_SETLKW, {type=F_WRLCK, whence=SEEK_SET, start=0, len=0}) = 0
alarm(0) = 15
rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [], NULL, 8) = 0
rt_sigaction(SIGALRM, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7fabadc6e6a0}, NULL, 8) = 0
getpid() = 63618
open("/etc/passwd.63618", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600) = -1 ENOSPC (No space left on device)
close(4) = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2512, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fabae830000
read(4, "# Locale name alias data base.\n#"..., 4096) = 2512
read(4, "", 4096) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7fabae830000, 4096) = 0
open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.UTF-8/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en_US.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en.UTF-8/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en.utf8/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/shadow.mo", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
write(2, "useradd: cannot lock /etc/passwd"..., 51useradd: cannot lock /etc/passwd; try again later.
) = 51
exit_group(1) = ?
편집 #3
[root@device01 ~]# df -i /
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
3276800 3276798 2 100% /
답변1
can't create lock file /etc/mtab~60598: No space left on device (use -n flag to override) open("/etc/passwd.63618", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600) = -1 ENOSPC (No space left on device)
디스크 공간 문제일 것입니다. 대부분의 파일 시스템에는 파일 내용에 대한 제한과 파일 수(크기)에 대한 제한이라는 두 가지 제한 사항이 있습니다.인덱스 노드테이블. 제거 과정을 통해 남은 공간이 충분하다는 것을 보여 주므로 df /인덱스 노드 수에 문제가 있는 것으로 보입니다. 를 이용하여 확인할 수 있습니다 df -i /.
ext4(Linux에서 가장 일반적인 파일 시스템 유형)의 경우,기존 파일 시스템에서 inode 수를 늘릴 수 없습니다.. 작은 파일이 많은 경우(모든 하위 디렉터리의 파일 수를 보고하는 방법은 무엇입니까?도움이 될 수 있습니다.) 다른 파일 시스템으로 이동해 보세요. ext4 파일 시스템을 축소하여 더 많은 inode가 있는 다른 파일 시스템을 위한 공간을 확보할 수 있지만(파일 시스템을 생성할 때 inode 수를 설정할 수 있음) 파일 시스템을 마운트하는 동안에는 이 작업을 수행할 수 없습니다.