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패키지 관리자를 어떻게 수정합니까?

tag-icon • tag-icon debian apt package-management
패키지 관리자를 어떻게 수정합니까?

나는 약 1년 동안 Debian 7.0(3.16.0-0.bpo.4-amd64)을 실행해 왔고 잘 작동합니다.

나는 어제 하나를 만들었고 apt-get dist-upgradeNginx를 약간 만지작거린 후에 다시 훌륭하게 작동했습니다. 그러나 일부 일반 패키지(데비안 사이트에서 찾을 수 있음)에 대해 패키지 관리자를 사용하려고 할 때마다 패키지 관리자를 통해 해당 패키지를 다운로드할 수 없습니다.

내 소스 목록:

# 

# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.0.0 _Wheezy_ - Official amd64 NETINST Binary-1 20130504-14:43]/ wheezy main

#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 7.0.0 _Wheezy_ - Official amd64 NETINST Binary-1 20130504-14:43]/ wheezy main

deb http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main
deb-src http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main

deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main

# wheezy-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main
deb-src http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main
deb http://http.debian.net/debian wheezy-backports main

시도했지만 apt-get clean여전히 apt-get update다음 패키지를 설치할 수 없습니다.

 sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package python-software-properties is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'python-software-properties' has no installation candidate

또는 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다.

apt-get install spamassassin spamc
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 spamassassin : Depends: libhtml-parser-perl (>= 3.43) but it is not installable
                Depends: libsocket6-perl but it is not installable
                Depends: libsys-hostname-long-perl but it is not installable
                Depends: libwww-perl but it is not installable
                Depends: libnet-dns-perl (>= 0.34) but it is not installable
                Depends: libnetaddr-ip-perl but it is not installable
                Recommends: libmail-spf-perl but it is not installable
                Recommends: re2c but it is not installable
                Recommends: libio-socket-inet6-perl but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

동시에, 데비안 웹사이트에서는 libhtml-parser-perl의 상위 버전을 사용할 수 있다고 명시하고 있습니다. (https://packages.debian.org/wheezy/libhtml-parser-perl). 어떻게 되어가나요? 이 문제를 어떻게 해결할 수 있나요?

내 apt-cache policy스팸신/종속성:

apt-cache policy spamassassin
spamassassin:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 3.3.2-5+deb7u3
  Version table:
     3.4.0-2~bpo70+1 0
        100 http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy-backports/main amd64 Packages
     3.3.2-5+deb7u3 0
        500 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates/main amd64 Packages
     3.3.2-5+deb7u2 0
        -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
        -10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
     3.3.2-2~bpo60+1 0
        100 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main amd64 Packages


apt-cache policy libhtml-parser-perl
libhtml-parser-perl:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: (none)
  Version table:
     3.69-2 0
        -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
        -10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages

내 거 apt-policy:

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main Translation-en
 -10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin debian.mirror.iweb.ca
 -10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin debian.mirror.iweb.ca
 500 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main Transl                                                              ation-en
 100 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main i386 P                                                              ackages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=squeeze-backports,n=squeeze-backports,l=Debian                                                               Backports,c=main
     origin backports.debian.org
 100 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main amd64                                                               Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=squeeze-backports,n=squeeze-backports,l=Debian                                                               Backports,c=main
     origin backports.debian.org
 500 http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/debian-sysvinit/ dist/10gen i386 P                                                              ackages
     release v=dist,o=mongodb,a=mongodb,n=dist,l=mongodb,c=10gen
     origin downloads-distro.mongodb.org
 500 http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/debian-sysvinit/ dist/10gen amd64                                                               Packages
     release v=dist,o=mongodb,a=mongodb,n=dist,l=mongodb,c=10gen
     origin downloads-distro.mongodb.org
 500 https://get.docker.com/ubuntu/ docker/main i386 Packages
     release n=docker,c=main
     origin get.docker.com
 500 https://get.docker.com/ubuntu/ docker/main amd64 Packages
     release n=docker,c=main
     origin get.docker.com
 500 http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy-backports/main Translation-en
 100 http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy-backports/main i386 Packages
     release v=,o=Debian Backports,a=wheezy-backports,n=wheezy-backports,l=Debia                                                              n Backports,c=main
     origin http.debian.net
 100 http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy-backports/main amd64 Packages
     release v=,o=Debian Backports,a=wheezy-backports,n=wheezy-backports,l=Debia                                                              n Backports,c=main
     origin http.debian.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/ precise/main Translation-                                                              en
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Package                                                              s
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-webupd8team-java,a=precise,n=precise,l=Oracle Java                                                               (JDK) 7 / 8 / 9 Installer PPA,c=main
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packag                                                              es
     release v=12.04,o=LP-PPA-webupd8team-java,a=precise,n=precise,l=Oracle Java                                                               (JDK) 7 / 8 / 9 Installer PPA,c=main
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates/main Translation-en
 500 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates/main i386 Packages
     release o=Debian,a=oldstable-updates,n=wheezy-updates,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian,a=oldstable-updates,n=wheezy-updates,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main Translation-en
 -10 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.0,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian-Security,c=main
     origin security.debian.org
 -10 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.0,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian-Security,c=main
     origin security.debian.org
 500 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main Translation-en
 -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org
 -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org
Pinned packages:

나는 나에 대해 sources.list아무것도 바꾸지 않았습니다 sources.list.d. 그러나 trusted.gpg.d.

답변1

제공된 정보에서 문제는 (적어도 부분적으로) 현재 선호도가 현명하지 않다는 것이 분명합니다. 예를 들어 다음 소스를 기본 설정으로 설정합니다 . 이는 해당 소스의 패키지가 절대 설치되지 않음을 -10의미합니다 .man apt_preferences

-10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin debian.mirror.iweb.ca
 -10 http://debian.mirror.iweb.ca/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin debian.mirror.iweb.ca

 -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org
 -10 http://ftp.nl.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.8,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian,c=main
     origin ftp.nl.debian.org

 -10 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main i386 Packages
     release v=7.0,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian-Security,c=main
     origin security.debian.org
 -10 http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=7.0,o=Debian,a=oldstable,n=wheezy,l=Debian-Security,c=main
     origin security.debian.org

이러한 소스는 보안 업데이트뿐만 아니라 기본(두 개의 다른 미러에서 가져온, 세부 사항임)의 모든 wheezy(oldstable) i386 패키지에 해당합니다. 말 그대로 숨이 차면 아무 의미가 없습니다. 먼저 이 문제를 해결해 보시기 바랍니다.

디렉토리에 파일이라는 파일 이 /etc/apt/preferences있는지 확인 /etc/apt/preferences.d하고 그러한 파일이 존재하는 경우 해당 소스를 -10. man apt_preferences무엇~ 해야 하다이러한 기본 설정을 수정하세요. 기본 설정은 확실히 아닙니다. 참고로 맨페이지의 관련 내용은 다음과 같습니다 apt_preferences.

APT가 우선순위를 해석하는 방법

APT 기본 설정 파일에 할당된 우선 순위(P)는 양수 또는 음수여야 합니다. (대략적으로) 다음과 같이 설명됩니다.

[...]

P < 0
    prevents the version from being installed

관련 정보