systemd 버전이 208보다 높은 시스템을 시작할 수 없습니다.

systemd 버전이 208보다 높은 시스템을 시작할 수 없습니다.

최근에 systemd를 버전 208에서 212로 업그레이드했습니다(두 숫자 사이의 다른 버전도 시도했습니다).

그리고 시스템을 더 이상 시작할 수 없습니다. 마운트할 수 없는 것처럼 보이지만 다른 모든 파일 시스템과 마찬가지로 /tmp비상 쉘에서는 잘 작동합니다 . mount /tmp(LUKS 볼륨 포함)

이것이 initramfs 또는 커널 모듈과 아무 관련이 없다는 것은 확실합니다. systemd를 다시 다운그레이드하면 모든 것이 정상입니다. 또한, mkinitcpio -p linux-custom도움이 되지 않습니다

고쳐 쓰다

dbus 연결이 끊어진 것 같고 실행하려고 하면 systemd-analyze blamedbus 연결을 얻을 수 없다는 메시지가 나타납니다.

편집하다

내가 시도한 다른 방법:

  1. 플리머스 대상 비활성화(systemctl 목록 단위에도 존재하지 않음)

  2. 대상을 비활성화해도 tmp.mount도움이되지 않습니다

통나무

저는 Arch Linux를 실행하고 있으며 다음은 fstab 구조입니다 tmpfs.

/dev/zram0 /tmp tmpfs       nodev,size=512M,nosuid,noatime,nodiratime   0       0
/dev/zram0 /var/tmp     tmpfs   nodev,size=256M,nosuid,noexec,noatime,nodiratime        0       0

추가된 로그는 다음과 같습니다(시스템 부분만 해당).

systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd-udevd[148]: starting version 212
systemd[1]: RTC configured in localtime, applying delta of 480 minutes to system time.
systemd 212 running in system mode. (+PAM -AUDIT -SELINUX -IMA -SYSVINIT +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +ACL +XZ +SECCOMP -APPARMOR)
systemd[1]: Detected architecture 'x86-64'.
systemd[1]: Failed to insert module 'ipv6'
systemd[1]: No hostname configured.
systemd[1]: Set hostname to <localhost>.
systemd[1]: Cannot add dependency job for unit display-manager.service, ignoring: Unit display-manager.service failed to load: No such file or directory.
systemd[1]: Starting Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Starting Remote File Systems.
systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems.
systemd[1]: Starting Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
systemd[1]: Starting Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch.
systemd[1]: Starting Paths.
systemd[1]: Reached target Paths.
systemd[1]: Starting Swap.
systemd[1]: Reached target Swap.
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-zram0.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb3.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb5.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sdb7.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-mapper-secure.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sda2.device...
systemd[1]: Expecting device dev-sda1.device...
systemd[1]: Starting Root Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice Root Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting User and Session Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs.
systemd[1]: Listening on Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs.
systemd[1]: Starting Delayed Shutdown Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Delayed Shutdown Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
systemd[1]: Listening on /dev/initctl Compatibility Named Pipe.
systemd[1]: Starting Syslog Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Control Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Kernel Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting LVM2 metadata daemon socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on LVM2 metadata daemon socket.
systemd[1]: Starting Journal Socket.
systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
systemd[1]: Starting System Slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
systemd[1]: Starting File System Check on Root Device...
systemd[1]: Starting system-getty.slice.
systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables...
systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules...
systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System...
systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
systemd[1]: Starting Setup Virtual Console...
systemd[1]: Starting udev Coldplug all Devices...
systemd\x2dcryptsetup.slice.
systemd\x2dcryptsetup.slice.
systemd[1]: Starting Set Up Additional Binary Formats...
systemd[1]: Mounted Debug File System.
systemd[1]: Starting Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel...
systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service...
systemd[1]: Started Journal Service.
systemd-journal[198]: Journal started
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'acpi_cpufreq' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'acpi_call' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'aesni_intel' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'coretemp' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'microcode' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'tp_smapi' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'uinput' is builtin
systemd-sysctl[189]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd[1]: Starting Slices.
systemd[1]: Reached target Slices.
systemd-binfmt)
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxdrv'
systemd[1]: Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System.
systemd[1]: Mounted Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System.
systemd[1]: Started udev Coldplug all Devices.
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxnetadp'
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxnetflt'
systemd[1]: Started Set Up Additional Binary Formats.
systemd-modules-load[191]: Inserted module 'vboxpci'
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'zram' is builtin
systemd-modules-load[191]: Module 'fuse' is builtin
systemd[1]: Started Load Kernel Modules.
systemd[1]: Mounting Configuration File System...
systemd[1]: Mounting FUSE Control File System...
systemd[1]: Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev...
systemd[1]: Mounted FUSE Control File System.
systemd[1]: Mounted Configuration File System.
systemd[1]: Started Apply Kernel Variables.
systemd-fsck[188]: ArchRoot: clean, 281073/812800 files, 1963679/3249138 blocks
systemd[1]: Started File System Check on Root Device.
systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems...
systemd[1]: Started Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
systemd[1]: Starting Load/Save Random Seed...
systemd[1]: Started Load/Save Random Seed.
systemd[1]: Started Setup Virtual Console.
systemd[1]: Started Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
systemd[1]: Starting udev Kernel Device Manager...
systemd[1]: Starting Local File Systems (Pre).
systemd[1]: Reached target Local File Systems (Pre).
systemd[1]: Mounting /run/shm...
systemd[1]: Mounted /run/shm.
systemd[1]: Started udev Kernel Device Manager.
systemd-udevd[234]: starting version 212
systemd-sysctl[253]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd-sysctl[295]: Overwriting earlier assignment of kernel/sysrq in file '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf'.
systemd-udevd[239]: error opening ATTR{/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/power/control} for writing: No such file or directory
systemd-journal[198]: Forwarding to syslog missed 40 messages.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sda1.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sda1.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /data.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Local File Systems.
systemd[1]: Triggering OnFailure= dependencies of local-fs.target.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sda2.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sda2.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb7.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb7.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Cryptography Setup for secure.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Encrypted Volumes.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for dev-mapper-secure.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /secure.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb5.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb5.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /ubuntu_ssd_vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-sdb3.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-sdb3.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /win7_ssd_vm.
systemd[1]: Job dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-disk-by\x2duuid-fc660063\x2d302d\x2d4c49\x2d9a69\x2d3ffcf9217590.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /Application.
systemd[1]: Job dev-zram0.device/start timed out.
systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device dev-zram0.device.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /tmp.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /var/tmp.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /home/USER/.cache.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for /var/log.
systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown.
systemd[1]: Requested transaction contradicts existing jobs: Transaction is destructive.
systemd[1]: syslog.socket failed to queue service startup job (Maybe the service file is missing or not a non-template unit?): Transaction is destructive.
systemd[1]: Unit syslog.socket entered failed state.
systemd[1]: Stopped Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories.
systemd[1]: Stopped Getty on tty1.
systemd[1]: Stopped Getty on tty3.
systemd[1]: Stopped target Graphical Interface.
systemd[1]: Stopped target Multi-User System.
systemd[1]: Stopped Initialize hardware monitoring sensors.
systemd[1]: Stopped Set brightness.
systemd[1]: Stopped Restore pax attributes.
systemd[1]: Stopped sets battery thresholds.
systemd[1]: Stopped Name Service Cache Daemon.
systemd[1]: Stopped Periodic Command Scheduler.
systemd[1]: Stopped Network Manager.
systemd[1]: Stopped My GoAgent Service.
systemd[1]: Starting Network.
systemd[1]: Reached target Network.
systemd[1]: Stopped Run my.local script.
systemd[1]: Stopped Load apparmor profiles.
systemd[1]: Stopped Login Service.
systemd[1]: Starting Login Prompts.
systemd[1]: Reached target Login Prompts.
systemd[1]: Stopped ACPI event daemon.
systemd[1]: Closed ACPID Listen Socket.
systemd[1]: Stopped D-Bus System Message Bus.
systemd[1]: Closed D-Bus System Message Bus Socket.
systemd[1]: Stopped System Logger Daemon.
systemd[1]: Stopped Permit User Sessions.
systemd[1]: Starting Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage...
systemd[1]: Stopped target Basic System.
systemd[1]: Starting Timers.
systemd-journal[198]: Forwarding to syslog missed 26 messages.
systemd[1]: Reached target Timers.
systemd[1]: Starting Sockets.
systemd[1]: Reached target Sockets.
systemd[1]: Stopped target System Initialization.
systemd[1]: Started Manage Sound Card State (restore and store).
systemd[1]: Starting Restore Sound Card State...
systemd[1]: Starting Create Volatile Files and Directories...
systemd[1]: Starting Emergency Shell...
systemd[1]: Started Emergency Shell.
systemd[1]: Starting Emergency Mode.
systemd[1]: Reached target Emergency Mode.
systemd[1]: Started Restore Sound Card State.
systemd-journal[198]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 388.0M, trying to leave 582.1M free of 3.7G available → current limit 388.0M).
systemd[1]: Started Trigger Flushing of Journal to Persistent Storage.
systemd[1]: Started Create Volatile Files and Directories.
systemd[1]: Startup finished in 2.835s (kernel) + 1min 30.235s (userspace) = 1min 33.070s.
systemd[884]: Failed at step EXEC spawning /bin/plymouth: No such file or directory

답변1

방금 개발자에게 연락했더니 문제가 해결되었습니다.

내 사용자 정의 커널은 파일 핸들 시스템 호출을 통한 열기를 지원하지 않았기 때문에 해당 CONFIG_FHANDLE옵션을 활성화하고 다시 부팅했습니다.

답변2

디스크가 마운트되지 않았습니다. 암호화해야 한다는 것을 알았습니다. 알고 싶습니다. 소유권 설정이 어떻게 되나요?

208변경 로그:

    * A new kernel command line option luks.options= is understood
      now which allows specifiying LUKS options for usage for LUKS
      encrypted partitions specified with luks.uuid=.

아마도 당신은 그것을 사용해야 할 것입니다.

하지만 Goldilocks가 언급한 문제를 해결하는 매우 구체적인 변형을 포함하여 다른 변형도 많이 있습니다. 이 버전을 사용하려면 변경 로그를 확인해야 합니다.

그리고209 변경 로그매우 큽니다. 이는 특히 디스크 암호화에 적용됩니다.

    * When parsing /etc/crypttab, support for a new key-slot=
      option as supported by Debian is added. It allows indicating
      which LUKS slot to use on disk, speeding up key loading.

출력을 주의 깊게 살펴보면 'sda...b...c'etc 사용에서 디스크 레이블 지정으로 전환하는 것이 좋습니다. 다음 명령을 사용하여 디스크를 보고 레이블을 확인할 수 있습니다 lsblk. (USB 장치에서 부팅한다고 잘못 의심했습니다. 수정해 주셔서 감사합니다)

    lsblk -f

NAME   FSTYPE LABEL     UUID                                 MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1 vfat   ESP       F0B7-5DAE                            /esp
├─sda2 btrfs  btrfs_ssd c01f596a-3b39-4be6-b1e5-8ddf0d4685ff /
├─sda3 ext4             c79dbc36-923a-4bb1-ab6c-606ef7c1e1f6
├─sda4 ext4   tmp       a2d977e7-4025-4c7c-b161-49f4ec3697c9
└─sda5 ext4             36ee1d08-b085-4bce-bb0d-20b6d5b7268f
sdb    bcache           4bd63488-e1d7-4858-8c70-a35a5ba2c452
sdc    bcache           ce6de517-7538-45d6-b8c4-8546f13f76c1
sr0

레이블을 설정하는 방법은 파일 시스템에 따라 다르지만 /etc/fstab에서 지정할 수 있습니다 LABEL=${label}.

as에 하나만 복사하여 /etc/fstab초기 사용자 공간을 위해 특별히 포함 할 수도 있습니다.initramfs/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab209 변경 로그에서도 이에 대해 설명합니다.

    * The FsckPassNo= compatibility option in mount/service units
      has been removed. The fstab generator will now add the
      necessary dependencies automatically, and does not require
      PID1's support for that anymore.

디스크 암호화 설치가 최신 상태인지 확인하는 것이 좋습니다. 이 작업을 수행하기 위해 aur에 의존하지 마십시오. 위와 관련된 문제로 인해 fsck암호화된 디스크에 오류가 발생하고 자동으로 설치되지 않습니다. 이는 귀하가 직접 설치할 수 있는지 여부에 영향을 미치지 않습니다.

다음은 다음과 관련된 또 다른 209 변경 로그 발췌입니다 /tmp.

    * tmpfiles gained a new "--boot" option. When this is not used,
      only lines where the command character is not suffixed with
      "!" are executed. When this option is specified, those
      options are executed too. This partitions tmpfiles
      directives into those that can be safely executed at any
      time, and those which should be run only at boot (for
      example, a line that creates /run/nologin).

그런데 문제가 콘솔에 디스크를 직접 마운트해야 하는 것이라면 recovery문제는 디스크가 마운트되지 않는다는 것입니다. initramfs.즉, initramfs이미지가 문제입니다.

관련 정보