사운드카드를 ALSA로 교체하기

Intel 사운드 카드가 장착된 노트북이 있는데 lspci보고서는 다음과 같습니다.

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)

아날로그 오디오(스피커, 3.5mm 잭) 및 HDMI 사운드(내 노트북에는 HDMI 출력이 있으므로)를 처리합니다.aplay --list-devices

    **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
    card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC269VB Analog [ALC269VB Analog]
      Subdevices: 1/1
      Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
    card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
      Subdevices: 1/1
      Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

분명히 사운드 카드가 구성되고 드라이버가 로드되었습니다. 그러나 미디어 플레이어에서는 소리가 나지 않습니다. pavucontrol플레이어의 출력 표시 - 재생 탭에서 시각적 피드백 역할을 하는 슬라이더가 "바운싱"됩니다. 그러나 "출력 장치" 탭에서는 동일한 슬라이더가 전혀 반응하지 않습니다. "구성" 탭에서 "프로필"이 "아날로그 스테레오 이중"으로 설정되어 있어야 합니다. 프로필을 "디지털 스테레오(HDMI) 출력"으로 변경하면 앞에서 언급한 슬라이더가 갑자기 튀기 시작합니다. 이제 ALSA나 PulseAdio(어느 쪽을 비난해야 할지 모르겠습니다)가 HDMI 칩을 기본 칩으로 인식한다는 것이 분명해졌습니다. alsamixer사운드 카드를 교체할 수 있는 옵션이 제공되지만 칩은 교체할 수 없습니다.

pactl list산출

Module #0
    Name: module-device-restore
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute state of devices"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #1
    Name: module-stream-restore
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute/device state of streams"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #2
    Name: module-card-restore
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore profile of cards"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #3
    Name: module-augment-properties
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Augment the property sets of streams with additional static information"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #4
    Name: module-switch-on-port-available
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:


Module #5
    Name: module-udev-detect
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Detect available audio hardware and load matching drivers"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #6
    Name: module-alsa-card
    Argument: device_id="0" name="pci-0000_00_1b.0" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1"
    Usage counter: 0
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ALSA Card"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #7
    Name: module-jackdbus-detect
    Argument: channels=2
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "David Henningsson"
        module.description = "Adds JACK sink/source ports when JACK is started"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #8
    Name: module-bluetooth-policy
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Frédéric Dalleau"
        module.description = "When a bluetooth sink or source is added, load module-loopback"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #9
    Name: module-bluetooth-discover
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
        module.description = "Detect available Bluetooth daemon and load the corresponding discovery module"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #10
    Name: module-bluez5-discover
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
        module.description = "Detect available BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio devices and load BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio drivers"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #11
    Name: module-esound-protocol-unix
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "ESOUND protocol (UNIX sockets)"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #12
    Name: module-native-protocol-unix
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Native protocol (UNIX sockets)"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #13
    Name: module-gconf
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "GConf Adapter"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #14
    Name: module-default-device-restore
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically restore the default sink and source"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #15
    Name: module-rescue-streams
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "When a sink/source is removed, try to move its streams to the default sink/source"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #16
    Name: module-always-sink
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Always keeps at least one sink loaded even if it's a null one"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #17
    Name: module-intended-roles
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Automatically set device of streams based on intended roles of devices"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #18
    Name: module-suspend-on-idle
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "When a sink/source is idle for too long, suspend it"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #19
    Name: module-console-kit
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Create a client for each ConsoleKit session of this user"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #20
    Name: module-systemd-login
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Create a client for each login session of this user"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #21
    Name: module-position-event-sounds
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Position event sounds between L and R depending on the position on screen of the widget triggering them."
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #22
    Name: module-role-cork
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "Mute & cork streams with certain roles while others exist"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #23
    Name: module-filter-heuristics
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Detect when various filters are desirable"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #24
    Name: module-filter-apply
    Argument: 
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
        module.description = "Load filter sinks automatically when needed"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #25
    Name: module-x11-publish
    Argument: display=:0.0
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "X11 credential publisher"
        module.version = "5.0"

Module #26
    Name: module-x11-xsmp
    Argument: display=:0.0 session_manager=local/localhost:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/281,unix/localhost:/tmp/.ICE-unix/281
    Usage counter: n/a
    Properties:
        module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
        module.description = "X11 session management"
        module.version = "5.0"

Sink #0
    State: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    Description: Built-in Audio Analog Stereo
    Driver: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Owner Module: 6
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 49145 /  75% / -7.50 dB,   front-right: 49145 /  75% / -7.50 dB
            balance 0.00
    Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
    Monitor Source: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor
    Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
    Flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY 
    Properties:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "ALC269VB Analog"
        alsa.id = "ALC269VB Analog"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "0"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xd1b00000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "1c20"
        device.product.name = "6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "front:0"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
        device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Intel CougarPoint HDMI"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0269,10250504,00100100 HDA:80862805,80860101,00100000"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Ports:
        analog-output: Analog Output (priority: 9900)
        analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority: 10000)
        analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority: 9000, not available)
    Active Port: analog-output
    Formats:
        pcm

Source #0
    State: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor
    Description: Monitor of Built-in Audio Analog Stereo
    Driver: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Owner Module: 6
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
    Monitor of Sink: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
    Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY 
    Properties:
        device.description = "Monitor of Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
        device.class = "monitor"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xd1b00000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "1c20"
        device.product.name = "6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "0"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Formats:
        pcm

Source #1
    State: SUSPENDED
    Name: alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
    Description: Built-in Audio Analog Stereo
    Driver: module-alsa-card.c
    Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    Channel Map: front-left,front-right
    Owner Module: 6
    Mute: no
    Volume: front-left: 8251 /  13% / -54.00 dB,   front-right: 8251 /  13% / -54.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    Base Volume: 5206 /   8% / -66.00 dB
    Monitor of Sink: n/a
    Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
    Flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY 
    Properties:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "ALC269VB Analog"
        alsa.id = "ALC269VB Analog"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "0"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xd1b00000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "1c20"
        device.product.name = "6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "front:0"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
        device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Intel CougarPoint HDMI"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0269,10250504,00100100 HDA:80862805,80860101,00100000"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Ports:
        analog-input-internal-mic: Internal Microphone (priority: 8900)
        analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority: 8700, not available)
    Active Port: analog-input-internal-mic
    Formats:
        pcm

Client #0
    Driver: module-systemd-login.c
    Owner Module: 20
    Properties:
        application.name = "Login Session c1"
        systemd-login.session = "c1"

Client #3
    Driver: module-x11-xsmp.c
    Owner Module: 26
    Properties:
        application.name = "XSMP Session on xfce4-session as 2c7bf982c-3f0a-4235-93e5-780d27ff15f0"
        xsmp.vendor = "xfce4-session"
        xsmp.client.id = "2c7bf982c-3f0a-4235-93e5-780d27ff15f0"

Client #10
    Driver: protocol-native.c
    Owner Module: 12
    Properties:
        application.name = "pactl"
        native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
        native-protocol.version = "29"
        application.process.id = "1707"
        application.process.user = "tichomir"
        application.process.host = "localhost"
        application.process.binary = "pactl"
        application.language = "C"
        window.x11.display = ":0.0"
        application.process.machine_id = "98bf0358e390486598b6233568214778"
        application.process.session_id = "c1"

Card #0
    Name: alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0
    Driver: module-alsa-card.c
    Owner Module: 6
    Properties:
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xd1b00000 irq 49"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "1c20"
        device.product.name = "6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "0"
        device.description = "Built-in Audio"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    Profiles:
        input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Input (sinks: 0, sources: 1, priority: 60, available: yes)
        output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Output (sinks: 1, sources: 0, priority: 6000, available: yes)
        output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (sinks: 1, sources: 1, priority: 6060, available: yes)
        output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (sinks: 1, sources: 0, priority: 5400, available: yes)
        output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output + Analog Stereo Input (sinks: 1, sources: 1, priority: 5460, available: yes)
        output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (sinks: 1, sources: 0, priority: 300, available: yes)
        output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output + Analog Stereo Input (sinks: 1, sources: 1, priority: 360, available: yes)
        off: Off (sinks: 0, sources: 0, priority: 0, available: yes)
    Active Profile: output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
    Ports:
        analog-input-internal-mic: Internal Microphone (priority: 8900, latency offset: 0 usec)
            Properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
            Part of profile(s): input:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo, output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo, output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo
        analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority: 8700, latency offset: 0 usec, not available)
            Properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
            Part of profile(s): input:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo, output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo, output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo
        analog-output: Analog Output (priority: 9900, latency offset: 0 usec)
            Part of profile(s): output:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
        analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority: 10000, latency offset: 0 usec)
            Properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
            Part of profile(s): output:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
        analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority: 9000, latency offset: 0 usec, not available)
            Properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
            Part of profile(s): output:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
        hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority: 5900, latency offset: 0 usec, not available)
            Properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
            Part of profile(s): output:hdmi-stereo, output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo, output:hdmi-surround, output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo