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find 명령: '-minlength' 옵션이 '-prune' 작업과 충돌합니다.

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find 명령: '-minlength' 옵션이 '-prune' 작업과 충돌합니다.

파일 구조가 다음과 같은 경우:

/a/p/c/d...
/c/a/c/g/f/...
/a/c/d/e/...
...

나는 이것을하고 싶다 :

find -mindepth 3 -type d -name p -prune -or -name c -print

그러나 이 명령은 "p" 디렉터리를 삭제하지 않으며 첫 번째 줄이 포함됩니다. 나는 이것이 실제로 충돌이 아니라는 것을 알고 있습니다. 하지만 최소 깊이를 적용한 상태에서 "p"를 자르는 방법은 무엇입니까?

답변1

FreeBSD 및 GNU find(지원되는 몇 안 되는 구현 중 하나 -mindepth) 의 경우 깊이가 3 이상인 디렉터리 -prune만 제거합니다 . pFreeBSD와 GNU find문서 모두 이를 매우 명확하게 설명합니다(여기에 GNU 문서가 있습니다):

-- Option: -mindepth levels
    Do not apply any tests or actions at levels less than LEVELS (a
    non-negative integer).  `-mindepth 1' means process all files
    except the command line arguments.

언제든지 표준 방식으로 수행할 수 있습니다.

find . -type d -name p -prune -o -path './*/*/*' -name c -print

( -mindepth그리고 -or표준 술어도 아니고 find디렉토리를 생략하는 것도 아닙니다).

또는 다음을 사용하여 zsh:

setopt extendedglob
printf '%s\n' ^p/^p/(^p/)#c

답변2

나는 이렇게 할 것 같아요:

find -mindepth 3 -type d ! -path '*/p/*' -name c -print

@StephaneChazelas의 피드백을 바탕으로 저는 이 접근 방식이 /p/모든 디렉터리에 대한 관련 없는 검색을 제거할 것이라고 믿습니다.

find -mindepth 3 -type d -path '*/p/*' -prune -o -name c -print

분석 결과가 발견되었습니다

찾기 명령을 비교하려면 디버그 스위치를 추가하여 -D search특정 찾기가 다른 찾기에 대해 어떻게 수행되는지 확인할 수 있습니다.

@StephaneChazelas의 명령과 내 명령을 실행하여 차이점이 무엇인지 확인했습니다. 이 두 명령을 실행하면 출력은 다음과 같습니다 sdiff.

$ sdiff \
<(find -D search -mindepth 3 -type d -path '*/p/*' -prune -o -name c -print 2>&1) \
<(find -D search -type d -name p -prune -o -path './*/*/*' -name c -print 2>&1)
consider_visiting (early): `.': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level= 0   consider_visiting (early): `.': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level= 0
consider_visiting (late): `.': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ignor | consider_visiting (late): `.': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ignor
consider_visiting (early): `./a': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level=   consider_visiting (early): `./a': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level=
consider_visiting (late): `./a': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ign | consider_visiting (late): `./a': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ign
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i | consider_visiting (late): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_le   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_le
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1   consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir   consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir   consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d/e': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_le   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_le
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1   consider_visiting (late): `./a/c/d': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1
consider_visiting (early): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve   consider_visiting (early): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i   consider_visiting (late): `./a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve   consider_visiting (early): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i | consider_visiting (late): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./a/p/c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_le | consider_visiting (early): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./a/p/c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 <
consider_visiting (early): `./a/p/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_le <
consider_visiting (late): `./a/p/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 <
consider_visiting (early): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve <
consider_visiting (late): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i   consider_visiting (late): `./a/p': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./a': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level=   consider_visiting (early): `./a': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level=
consider_visiting (late): `./a': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ign   consider_visiting (late): `./a': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ign
consider_visiting (early): `./c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level=   consider_visiting (early): `./c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_level=
consider_visiting (late): `./c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ign | consider_visiting (late): `./c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 ign
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i | consider_visiting (late): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_le   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_le
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir=1
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_D , fts_
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_D , isdir
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_D , ft   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_D , ft
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_D , isd   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_D , isd
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_DP, ft   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_DP, ft
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_DP, isd   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g/f': fts_info=FTS_DP, isd
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c/g': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_le   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_le
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a/c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1
consider_visiting (early): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve   consider_visiting (early): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_leve
consider_visiting (late): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i   consider_visiting (late): `./c/a': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 i
consider_visiting (early): `./c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level=   consider_visiting (early): `./c': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level=
consider_visiting (late): `./c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ign   consider_visiting (late): `./c': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ign
consider_visiting (early): `.': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level= 0   consider_visiting (early): `.': fts_info=FTS_DP, fts_level= 0
consider_visiting (late): `.': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ignor   consider_visiting (late): `.': fts_info=FTS_DP, isdir=1 ignor
./c/a/c                             ./c/a/c

알고 보면 Stephen의 접근 방식에는 내 접근 방식에는 없는 결함이 있습니다. 우메보시에도. 나는 이것이 그의 접근 방식이 무시되어야 할 디렉토리에 들어가는 추가 작업을 피한다는 것을 보여준다고 생각합니다.

답변3

find의 매뉴얼 페이지에 따르면:

 -prune True;  if  the  file is a directory, do not descend into it. If
        -depth is given, false; no  effect.

따라서 귀하의 구체적인 경우에는 다음과 같은 작업을 수행합니다.

 find a/* -mindepth 2  -type f -print

그러나 물론 항상 그렇게 간단한 해결책이 있는 것은 아닙니다.

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