내 Fedora 39 KDE에서는 부팅 시간이 2분을 넘었습니다. 다음은 명령의 출력입니다 systemd-analyze.
Startup finished in 6.681s (firmware) + 3.405s (loader) + 1.176s (kernel) + 3.490s (initrd) + 54.218s (userspace) = 1min 8.971s
graphical.target reached after 54.200s in userspace.
그래픽 타겟이 최대 시작 시간을 차지하고 있는 것을 확인한 후 이 명령을 실행했습니다 sudo systemctl list-dependencies graphical.target. 이것은 내가 얻는 결과입니다.
graphical.target
● ├─accounts-daemon.service
● ├─power-profiles-daemon.service
● ├─rtkit-daemon.service
● ├─sddm.service
● ├─switcheroo-control.service
○ ├─systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
● ├─udisks2.service
● ├─upower.service
● └─multi-user.target
● ├─abrt-journal-core.service
● ├─abrt-oops.service
○ ├─abrt-vmcore.service
● ├─abrt-xorg.service
● ├─abrtd.service
● ├─atd.service
× ├─auditd.service
● ├─avahi-daemon.service
● ├─chronyd.service
● ├─crond.service
● ├─cups.path
● ├─firewalld.service
○ ├─flatpak-add-fedora-repos.service
● ├─irqbalance.service
○ ├─livesys-late.service
○ ├─livesys.service
● ├─lm_sensors.service
● ├─mcelog.service
○ ├─mdmonitor.service
● ├─ModemManager.service
● ├─mysqld.service
● ├─NetworkManager.service
● ├─plymouth-quit-wait.service
● ├─plymouth-quit.service
● ├─postgresql.service
● ├─rsyslog.service
● ├─smartd.service
○ ├─sssd.service
● ├─systemd-ask-password-wall.path
● ├─systemd-homed.service
● ├─systemd-logind.service
● ├─systemd-oomd.service
○ ├─systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
● ├─systemd-user-sessions.service
● ├─teamviewerd.service
○ ├─vboxservice.service
● ├─basic.target
● │ ├─-.mount
● │ ├─tmp.mount
● │ ├─paths.target
● │ ├─slices.target
● │ │ ├─-.slice
● │ │ └─system.slice
● │ ├─sockets.target
● │ │ ├─avahi-daemon.socket
● │ │ ├─cups.socket
● │ │ ├─dbus.socket
● │ │ ├─dm-event.socket
● │ │ ├─iscsid.socket
● │ │ ├─iscsiuio.socket
● │ │ ├─pcscd.socket
● │ │ ├─sssd-kcm.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-coredump.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-initctl.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-journald-audit.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-journald-dev-log.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-journald.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-udevd-control.socket
● │ │ ├─systemd-udevd-kernel.socket
● │ │ └─systemd-userdbd.socket
● │ ├─sysinit.target
● │ │ ├─dev-hugepages.mount
● │ │ ├─dev-mqueue.mount
● │ │ ├─dracut-shutdown.service
○ │ │ ├─iscsi-onboot.service
○ │ │ ├─iscsi-starter.service
● │ │ ├─kmod-static-nodes.service
○ │ │ ├─ldconfig.service
● │ │ ├─lvm2-lvmpolld.socket
● │ │ ├─lvm2-monitor.service
● │ │ ├─plymouth-read-write.service
● │ │ ├─plymouth-start.service
● │ │ ├─proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount
○ │ │ ├─selinux-autorelabel-mark.service
● │ │ ├─sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
● │ │ ├─sys-kernel-config.mount
● │ │ ├─sys-kernel-debug.mount
● │ │ ├─sys-kernel-tracing.mount
○ │ │ ├─systemd-ask-password-console.path
○ │ │ ├─systemd-binfmt.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-boot-random-seed.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-firstboot.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-hwdb-update.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-journal-catalog-update.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-journal-flush.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-journald.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-machine-id-commit.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-modules-load.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-network-generator.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-pcrmachine.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-pcrphase-sysinit.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-pcrphase.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-pstore.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-random-seed.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-repart.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-resolved.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-sysctl.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-sysusers.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev-early.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-udev-trigger.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-udevd.service
○ │ │ ├─systemd-update-done.service
● │ │ ├─systemd-update-utmp.service
● │ │ ├─cryptsetup.target
● │ │ ├─integritysetup.target
● │ │ ├─local-fs.target
● │ │ │ ├─-.mount
● │ │ │ ├─boot-efi.mount
● │ │ │ ├─media-Primary\x2dVolume.mount
● │ │ │ ├─media-Secondary\x2dVolume.mount
○ │ │ │ ├─ostree-remount.service
● │ │ │ ├─systemd-fsck-root.service
● │ │ │ ├─systemd-remount-fs.service
● │ │ │ └─tmp.mount
○ │ │ ├─swap.target
○ │ │ │ ├─dev-disk-by\x2duuid-83f883b3\x2dec24\x2d412a\x2db17e\x2d90251e3d5b0a.…
● │ │ │ └─dev-zram0.swap
● │ │ └─veritysetup.target
● │ └─timers.target
● │ ├─dnf-makecache.timer
● │ ├─fstrim.timer
● │ ├─logrotate.timer
● │ ├─plocate-updatedb.timer
● │ ├─raid-check.timer
● │ ├─systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer
● │ └─unbound-anchor.timer
● ├─getty.target
○ │ └─[email protected]
● ├─nfs-client.target
○ │ ├─auth-rpcgss-module.service
● │ ├─rpc-statd-notify.service
● │ └─remote-fs-pre.target
● ├─remote-cryptsetup.target
● └─remote-fs.target
● └─nfs-client.target
○ ├─auth-rpcgss-module.service
● ├─rpc-statd-notify.service
● └─remote-fs-pre.target
이는 명령의 출력입니다 systemd-analyze critical-chain.
The time when unit became active or started is printed after the "@" character. The time the unit took to start is printed after the "+" character.
graphical.target @48.691s └─multi-user.target @48.691s └─mysqld.service @47.214s +1.476s
└─network-online.target @47.210s
└─network.target @47.210s
└─wpa_supplicant.service @47.205s +4ms
└─basic.target @46.155s
└─dbus-broker.service @46.124s +29ms
└─dbus.socket @46.113s
└─sysinit.target @46.110s
└─systemd-resolved.service @46.029s +80ms
└─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @45.907s +103ms
└─local-fs.target @45.903s
└─tmp.mount @45.895s +6ms
└─systemd-journald.socket
└─system.slice
└─-.slice
또한, 내용은 다음과 같습니다 /etc/fstab.
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Apr 6 12:14:37 2024
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=0c14ae1c-b017-4009-9e5f-d34ad79f8f1c / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=452B-16BD /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 2
UUID=83f883b3-ec24-412a-b17e-90251e3d5b0a none swap defaults 0 0
UUID=C07AC41E7AC412D8 /media/Primary-Volume ntfs defaults 0 0
UUID=B0F8B100F8B0C5BE /media/Secondary-Volume ntfs defaults 0 0
어떤 서비스가 여기에 있어야 하고 어떤 서비스가 여기에 있어서는 안 되는지 모르겠습니다.
부팅 중에는 grub 메뉴가 표시되지 않습니다. 내 시스템이 Fedora로 직접 부팅됩니다. 왜 그렇게 많은 시간을 사용자 공간에서 소비하는지 모르겠습니다. 2시간 전에는 괜찮았어요.