몇 가지 문제 해결 및 다음과 같은 가장 일반적인 수정 사항을 시도한 후
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1036980/grub-does-not-load-after-bios-update
이 문제를 해결할 행운이 없습니다. 아래는 부팅 복구 디스크에서 붙여넣은 bin 출력입니다. 이 역시 성공하지 못했습니다. Linux가 sdc에 설치되어 있는데 지금 정말 혼란 스럽습니다.현재 진행 상황을 잃고 싶지 않기 때문에 kali 재설치를 피하려고 합니다.
boot-repair-4ppa171 [20220202_1003]
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc.
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdd.
=> Syslinux MBR (5.00 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sde.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi /efi/kali/grubx64.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 7
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sdb2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sdb2 has
3519033343 sectors, but according to the info from
fdisk, it has 7814000639 sectors.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sdc1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sdc2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext2
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files: /grub/grub.cfg
sdc3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: crypto_LUKS
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
sdd1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sdd2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sde1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 6.03
Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 16408 of /dev/sde1 for its
second stage. The integrity check of Syslinux failed.
No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux.cfg
/efi/BOOT/grubx64.efi /ldlinux.sys
================================ 1 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Windows 7 on sda3
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: NVIDIA Corporation from NVIDIA Corporation
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Boot-Repair-Disk 64bit 20200604, bionic, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled.
BootCurrent: 0006
Timeout: 1 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0007,0006,0001,0002,0003,0004,0005
Boot0000* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,bdbc0ab2-f7fc-45b8-b943-7f6813dc7f44,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...d................
Boot0001 CT480BX500SSD1 BBS(HD,,0x0)..BO
Boot0002 TOSHIBA MD04ACA400 BBS(HD,,0x0)..BO
Boot0003 WDC WD10JPVX-22JC3T0 BBS(HD,,0x0)..BO
Boot0004 SanDisk SSD PLUS 1000GB BBS(HD,,0x0)..BO
Boot0005 Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,bdbc0ab2-f7fc-45b8-b943-7f6813dc7f44,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\MICROSOFT\BOOT\BOOTMGFW.EFI)..BO
Boot0006* UEFI: Intenso Rainbow Line 8.07, Partition 1 PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)/USB(3,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x53dcc,0x800,0x752800)..BO
Boot0007* Intenso Rainbow Line 8.07 BBS(HD,,0x0)..BO
7e09c5e1912455db662fa8254318faa2 sda1/Boot/bootx64.efi
43388be20e42992dda6fc55874f4ec3a sda1/kali/grubx64.efi
7e09c5e1912455db662fa8254318faa2 sda1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
46be41b32d03ed3521b602d790327d85 sda1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
sda : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
sdb : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has-noESP, not-usb, not-mmc, no-os, no-wind, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
sdc : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, no-os, no-wind, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
sdd : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has-noESP, not-usb, not-mmc, no-os, no-wind, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda3 : is-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sda4 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sdb2 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sdc1 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sdc2 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, grubenv-ok, noupdategrub, not-far
sdd2 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sdb2 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sdc1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sdc2 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sdd2 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sda3 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sda4 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sdb2 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sdb
sdc1 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sdc
sdc2 : is-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sdc
sdd2 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sdd
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk sda: 447.1 GiB, 480103981056 bytes, 937703088 sectors
Disk identifier: D1362C48-8F4C-4EB6-8652-4BA57FE0AF47
Start End Sectors Size Type
sda1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
sda2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
sda3 239616 936349044 936109429 446.4G Microsoft basic data
sda4 936349696 937697279 1347584 658M Windows recovery environment
Disk sdb: 3.7 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk identifier: 57F6C561-CCF3-2244-ADDA-573BD7C017C1
Start End Sectors Size Type
sdb1 2048 34815 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
sdb2 34816 7814035455 7814000640 3.7T Microsoft basic data
Disk sdc: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Disk identifier: 90F157A3-9139-47C0-9657-1041D1E8ED1B
Start End Sectors Size Type
sdc1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
sdc2 1050624 2050047 999424 488M Linux filesystem
sdc3 2050048 1953523711 1951473664 930.5G Linux filesystem
Disk sdd: 931.5 GiB, 1000207286272 bytes, 1953529856 sectors
Disk identifier: 89688769-B6BA-48A9-8801-5BA5A59E8382
Start End Sectors Size Type
sdd1 2048 34815 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
sdd2 34816 1953527807 1953492992 931.5G Microsoft basic data
Disk sde: 3.7 GiB, 3932160000 bytes, 7680000 sectors
Disk identifier: 0x00053dcc
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
sde1 * 2048 7679999 7677952 3.7G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Disk zram0: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram1: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram2: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram3: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram4: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram5: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram6: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram7: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram8: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram9: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram10: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram11: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram12: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram13: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram14: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
Disk zram15: 498.2 MiB, 522391552 bytes, 127537 sectors
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:480GB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA CT480BX500SSD1:;
1:1049kB:106MB:105MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:106MB:123MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:123MB:479GB:479GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
4:479GB:480GB:690MB:ntfs::hidden, diag;
sdb:4001GB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:ATA TOSHIBA MD04ACA4:;
1:1049kB:17.8MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
2:17.8MB:4001GB:4001GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
sdc:1000GB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:ATA WDC WD10JPVX-22J:;
1:1049kB:538MB:537MB:fat32::boot, esp;
2:538MB:1050MB:512MB:ext2::;
3:1050MB:1000GB:999GB:::;
sdd:1000GB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA SanDisk SSD PLUS:;
1:1049kB:17.8MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
2:17.8MB:1000GB:1000GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
sde:3932MB:scsi:512:512:msdos:Intenso Rainbow Line:;
1:1049kB:3932MB:3931MB:fat32::boot, lba;
Free space (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:457863MiB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA CT480BX500SSD1:;
1:0.02MiB:1.00MiB:0.98MiB:free;
1:457202MiB:457202MiB:0.32MiB:free;
1:457860MiB:457863MiB:2.82MiB:free;
sdb:3815448MiB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:ATA TOSHIBA MD04ACA4:;
1:0.02MiB:1.00MiB:0.98MiB:free;
1:3815447MiB:3815448MiB:0.82MiB:free;
sdc:953870MiB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:ATA WDC WD10JPVX-22J:;
1:0.02MiB:1.00MiB:0.98MiB:free;
1:953869MiB:953870MiB:0.69MiB:free;
sdd:953872MiB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA SanDisk SSD PLUS:;
1:0.02MiB:1.00MiB:0.98MiB:free;
1:953871MiB:953872MiB:0.98MiB:free;
sde:3750MiB:scsi:512:512:msdos:Intenso Rainbow Line:;
1:0.03MiB:1.00MiB:0.97MiB:free;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
├─sda1 vfat 5066-646A bdbc0ab2-f7fc-45b8-b943-7f6813dc7f44 EFI system partition
├─sda2 0f1430a4-23ef-4a83-a3b4-b67931b72b2a Microsoft reserved partition
├─sda3 ntfs F292B2D492B29D13 c6c8eff3-d783-48c1-833d-98857411b006 Basic data partition
└─sda4 ntfs 483A8C8C3A8C7928 263a732d-3e4d-4544-9764-7392764ee90a
sdb
├─sdb1 b8ea5ef4-c585-44db-98e6-c7267dd40fa6 Microsoft reserved partition
└─sdb2 ntfs 3458A35A58A31A1E c014db28-6b71-4500-b2e7-7db5c0235944 Basic data partition
sdc
├─sdc1 vfat CD49-A7E0 57f960b6-1433-402b-85e8-e0991a54fa77
├─sdc2 ext2 e11cf054-ff95-43d4-939d-f22f3c16d2ca 37890f0f-0f9e-4bb2-a850-b8b5d4fc5f03
└─sdc3 crypto_LUKS d5a6aafa-aa59-400f-a7bd-4c88b24ce5cf e4e6ee75-674b-43cd-98ef-166c677ad0a2
sdd
├─sdd1 a432912d-96f8-430f-a928-83470bad87c3 Microsoft reserved partition
└─sdd2 ntfs 6C3AE85E3AE82734 0a38daf8-f8dc-4bee-b9c6-79dc40b8c32f Basic data partition
sde
└─sde1 vfat 70E9-6D80 00053dcc-01 BOOT-REPAIR
Mount points (filtered): _________________________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 66.9M 30% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
/dev/sda3 310.8G 30% /mnt/boot-sav/sda3
/dev/sda4 89M 86% /mnt/boot-sav/sda4
/dev/sdb2 3.2T 12% /mnt/boot-sav/sdb2
/dev/sdc1 511M 0% /mnt/boot-sav/sdc1
/dev/sdc2 241.3M 42% /mnt/boot-sav/sdc2
/dev/sdd2 882.2G 5% /mnt/boot-sav/sdd2
/dev/sde1 2.8G 24% /cdrom
Mount options (filtered): ________________________________________________________________
/dev/sda1 rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
/dev/sda3 ro,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/sda4 ro,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/sdb2 ro,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/sdc1 rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
/dev/sdc2 rw,relatime,stripe=4
/dev/sdd2 ro,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/sde1 ro,noatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
======================== sdc2/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) =========================
Kali GNU/Linux bc4e6a13-870f-4b7f-a9d8-b488249df7ed
Kali GNU/Linux, with Linux 5.15.0-kali3-amd64 bc4e6a13-870f-4b7f-a9d8-b488249df7ed
Kali GNU/Linux, with Linux 5.15.0-kali2-amd64 bc4e6a13-870f-4b7f-a9d8-b488249df7ed
Windows Boot Manager (on sda1) osprober-efi-5066-646A
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
System setup uefi-firmware
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
==================== sdc2: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
0.537110329 = 0.576717824 grub/grub.cfg 9
0.688476562 = 0.739246080 vmlinuz-5.15.0-kali2-amd64 13
0.570297241 = 0.612352000 vmlinuz-5.15.0-kali3-amd64 13
0.953986168 = 1.024334848 initrd.img-5.15.0-kali2-amd64 24
0.957031250 = 1.027604480 initrd.img-5.15.0-kali3-amd64 31
====================== sde1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Boot-Repair-Disk session
Boot-Repair-Disk session (failsafe)
========================= sde1/syslinux.cfg (filtered) =========================
DEFAULT loadconfig
LABEL loadconfig
CONFIG /isolinux/isolinux.cfg
APPEND /isolinux/
==================== sde1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
================== sde1: Location of files loaded by Syslinux ==================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? syslinux.cfg 1
?? = ?? ldlinux.sys 1
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =========================
/dev/sda1: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
/dev/sda2: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
/dev/sda4: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000001
/dev/sdb1: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
/dev/sdd1: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
Unknown BootLoader on sdc3
00000000 4c 55 4b 53 ba be 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 |LUKS..........@.|
00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
00000040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 73 68 61 32 35 36 00 00 |........sha256..|
00000050 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 62 20 82 5b 70 53 20 3a |........b .[pS :|
00000070 12 83 15 4d f5 70 41 89 5b 18 2b a1 9e d1 61 1e |...M.pA.[.+...a.|
00000080 c2 42 94 dc e1 96 81 1e fc a9 b8 d4 62 48 45 2a |.B..........bHE*|
00000090 70 0a 33 61 66 76 e8 53 3b 51 f4 c3 c7 e4 b0 3f |p.3afv.S;Q.....?|
000000a0 a6 c9 c0 37 f4 10 99 97 64 35 61 36 61 61 66 61 |...7....d5a6aafa|
000000b0 2d 61 61 35 39 2d 34 30 30 66 2d 61 37 62 64 2d |-aa59-400f-a7bd-|
000000c0 34 63 38 38 62 32 34 63 65 35 63 66 00 00 00 00 |4c88b24ce5cf....|
000000d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
000001c0 63 09 25 91 9f 09 3c 4c 08 70 cf 39 2f e4 c1 d0 |c.%...<L.p.9/...|
000001d0 06 46 92 fe 3d f1 8d 8e 17 b9 93 61 48 66 a5 05 |.F..=......aHf..|
000001e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
00000200
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would not act on the MBR.
Additional repair would be performed: win-legacy-basic-fix
먼저 귀하의 답변에 감사드립니다. 위의 솔루션을 시도했지만 두 번째 명령으로 출력을 얻었습니다.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit /create /d "GRUB for Kali Linux" {fwbootmgr}
새 항목에 대한 설명을 지정해야 합니다. 명령줄 도움말을 보려면 "bcdedit /?"를 실행하세요. 매개 변수가 올바르지 않습니다
그 후 나는 bcdedit 매뉴얼을 보고 다음을 시도했습니다.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit /create {fwbootmgr} /d "GRUB for Kali"
이것은 나에게 다음과 같은 결과를 제공합니다.
지정된 생성 작업을 시도하는 동안 오류가 발생했습니다. 지정한 항목이 이미 존재합니다. 파일이 이미 존재하면 파일을 생성할 수 없습니다.
명령을 찾은 후 출력이 표시되지 않는 것을 발견했습니다 <GUID>. cmd가 원하는 것임을 알았습니다.<GUID>
bcdedit /enum firmware
거기에서 필요한 명령을 찾아 다른 두 명령을 복사했습니다.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit /set {99c2f727-837f-11ec-87d3-806e6f6e6963} device partition=X:
작업이 성공적으로 완료되었습니다.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>bcdedit /set {99c2f727-837f-11ec-87d3-806e6f6e6963} path \efi\kali\grubx64.efi
작업이 성공적으로 완료되었습니다.
그런 다음 그게 다라고 생각하고 컴퓨터를 다시 시작했지만 문제는 계속되었습니다.
답변1
UEFI 시스템이 있습니다. No boot loader is installed in the MBR of ..."안돼" 라는 뜻레거시 BIOS 부트로더MBR에 설치됩니다... 레거시 BIOS 부트로더는 사용자와 전혀 관련이 없으므로 완전히 무시할 수 있습니다.
Boot-Repair 결과에 따르면 Kali의 부트로더가 실제로 여전히 /efi/kali/grubx64.efi존재하는 것으로 나타났습니다 sda1.
누락된 것은 UEFI NVRAM 부팅 변수로, 이로 인해 UEFI 부팅 설정( sudo efibootmgr -vLinux에서 볼 수 있는 설정)이 사라집니다. 기본적으로 /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi초기 UEFI 부팅 파일(사용자의 파일)의 두 번째 복사본을 sda1EFI 시스템 파티션(줄여서 ESP)에 설치하기 때문에 Windows는 계속 부팅됩니다. 이를 UEFI 대체/이동식 미디어 부팅 파일이라고 하며, 하나의 운영 체제만 ESP당 하나씩 가질 수 있습니다.
(디스크당 하나의 ESP만 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. 단일 디스크의 여러 ESP가 작동해야 하지만 펌웨어 개발자의 테스트가 훨씬 덜 필요할 수 있습니다.)
UEFI 시스템(Windows 10 이상)에서 Windows를 부팅하면 자체 UEFI NVRAM 설정을 확인하고 Windows가 폴백으로 부팅되었으며 실제 NVRAM 설정이 누락된 것을 발견하면 자동으로 UEFI를 다시 빌드합니다. NVRAM 부팅 설정(이전 변수의 모든 항목을 덮어쓸 가능성이 높음 Boot0000)
UEFI 모드에서 시스템을 부팅하는 데 사용할 수 있는 라이브 Linux 부팅 미디어가 있는 경우 efibootmgr다음과 같이 루트로 이 명령을 사용할 수 있습니다.
efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -p 1 -l \\efi\\kali\\grubx64.efi -L "GRUB for Kali Linux"
그러면 부트로더 항목이 다시 생성되고 동시에 자동으로 부팅 순서에 추가됩니다.
이 특정 하드웨어의 모든 BIOS 업데이트에서 동일한 상황이 다시 발생할 수 있으므로 이 지침을 기억해야 합니다. (일부 UEFI 구현은 펌웨어 업데이트 전반에 걸쳐 부팅 변수를 유지하지만 향후 업데이트로 상황이 개선되지 않는 한 분명히 그렇지 않습니다.)