방금 무료가 아닌 패키지 없이 기존 노트북에 Debian 11 LXDE를 설치했습니다.
화면 디스플레이의 일부 문제를 제외하면 모든 것이 원활하게 진행되었습니다. 이러한 문제 중 일부는 BIOS를 LEGACY에서 UEFI 모드로 전환하고 Debian을 다시 설치하면 해결될 수 있습니다. 그러나 그럼에도 불구하고 몇 가지 불쾌한 문제가 남아 있습니다.
- 백라이트 밝기 조절 없음
- ScreenLock(및 기타 유사한 소프트웨어)은 백라이트를 끌 수 없습니다.
이러한 모든 문제는 무료 소프트웨어 패키지를 설치하면 쉽게 해결할 수 있습니다 firmware-amd-graphics. 그러나 일부 소식통에 따르면 다음과 같습니다.
- "비자유 소프트웨어에는 DFSG(데비안 자유 소프트웨어 지침)를 준수하지 않는 패키지가 포함됩니다.",위키피디아
- "비자유 소프트웨어는 위험을 무릅쓰고자 하는 사람들을 위한 것입니다. 비자유 소프트웨어를 맹목적으로 설치하기 전에 무료 대안이 있는지 물어보는 것이 가장 좋습니다.",데비안 위키
질문
그렇다면 Debian Wiki가 제안한 것처럼, 무료 패키지가 아닌 패키지를 피할 수 있는 DFSG 대안이 있습니까 firmware-amd-graphics?
시스템 사양
상품명:아스파이어 E1-421 APU
CPU:AMD E1-1200 APU @ 1400MHz
그래픽 프로세서:Radeon(tm) HD 그래픽 카드
root@debian:~# journalctl -b | grep -i "vga\|radeon\|kms\|drm"
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: smpboot: CPU0: AMD E1-1200 APU with Radeon(tm) HD Graphics (family: 0x14, model: 0x2, stepping: 0x0)
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: pci 0000:00:01.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: vgaarb: loaded
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: fb0: EFI VGA frame buffer device
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: ACPI: Video Device [VGA] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no)
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian kernel: [drm:radeon_pci_probe [radeon]] *ERROR* radeon kernel modesetting for R600 or later requires firmware installed
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module drm...
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian systemd[1]: [email protected]: Succeeded.
Jan 28 22:30:33 debian systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module drm.
root@debian:~# lspci -k | grep -EA3 'VGA|3D|Display'
00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Wrestler [Radeon HD 7310]
Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] Wrestler [Radeon HD 7310]
Kernel modules: radeon
00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Wrestler HDMI Audio
root@debian:~# lsmod | grep "kms\|drm"
drm_kms_helper 278528 1 radeon
cec 61440 1 drm_kms_helper
drm 618496 3 drm_kms_helper,radeon,ttm
root@debian:~# modinfo drm_kms_helper
filename: /lib/modules/5.10.0-11-amd64/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_kms_helper.ko
license: GPL and additional rights
description: DRM KMS helper
author: David Airlie, Jesse Barnes
license: GPL
depends: drm,cec
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: drm_kms_helper
vermagic: 5.10.0-11-amd64 SMP mod_unload modversions
sig_id: PKCS#7
signer: Debian Secure Boot CA
sig_key: 4B:6E:F5:AB:CA:66:98:25:17:8E:05:2C:84:66:7C:CB:C0:53:1F:8C
sig_hashalgo: sha256
signature: 0D:81:25:6D:08:D1:C4:83:0F:49:AA:AE:71:B8:89:84:E6:04:8D:5E:
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19:70:62:4C:0D:81:A9:E0:8D:B9:9C:6E:D6:0C:3F:84:B8:B2:E7:2D:
7B:10:B1:5D:48:3A:53:C1:2A:B5:09:4A:84:44:AF:3B:26:49:BF:04:
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78:E8:E4:8E:04:9F:AE:6B:B9:F4:AB:EF:27:7B:98:0A
parm: drm_dp_cec_unregister_delay:CEC unregister delay in seconds, 0: no delay, >= 1000: never unregister (uint)
parm: fbdev_emulation:Enable legacy fbdev emulation [default=true] (bool)
parm: drm_fbdev_overalloc:Overallocation of the fbdev buffer (%) [default=100] (int)
parm: edid_firmware:DEPRECATED. Use drm.edid_firmware module parameter instead. (charp)
parm: poll:bool
parm: dp_aux_i2c_speed_khz:Assumed speed of the i2c bus in kHz, (1-400, default 10) (int)
parm: dp_aux_i2c_transfer_size:Number of bytes to transfer in a single I2C over DP AUX CH message, (1-16, default 16) (int)
root@debian:~# modinfo cec
filename: /lib/modules/5.10.0-11-amd64/kernel/drivers/media/cec/core/cec.ko
license: GPL
description: Device node registration for cec drivers
author: Hans Verkuil <[email protected]>
depends:
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: cec
vermagic: 5.10.0-11-amd64 SMP mod_unload modversions
sig_id: PKCS#7
signer: Debian Secure Boot CA
sig_key: 4B:6E:F5:AB:CA:66:98:25:17:8E:05:2C:84:66:7C:CB:C0:53:1F:8C
sig_hashalgo: sha256
signature: AF:93:56:FC:05:50:7F:3E:9A:73:C5:C9:58:9D:C0:82:03:BF:ED:C5:
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0B:F5:43:A3:7E:F5:BC:1C:B3:C2:B2:63:06:22:F4:45:22:9E:E9:D7:
1F:57:7B:89:85:33:28:D1:5D:EF:09:07:56:CA:2D:65:6C:F8:FC:45:
E9:D9:F1:47:29:C2:F6:18:52:51:B3:A0:77:8F:A9:48:DC:6F:09:BE:
C9:81:0B:9F:93:10:69:0A:7B:E0:37:BF:29:A0:63:67:D2:E6:11:B7:
21:52:6D:F5:E2:88:BA:06:A9:EF:4D:E5:AF:35:A9:FF
parm: debug:debug level (0-2) (int)
parm: debug_phys_addr:add CEC_CAP_PHYS_ADDR if set (bool)
root@debian:~# modinfo drm
filename: /lib/modules/5.10.0-11-amd64/kernel/drivers/gpu/drm/drm.ko
license: GPL and additional rights
description: DRM shared core routines
author: Gareth Hughes, Leif Delgass, José Fonseca, Jon Smirl
license: GPL and additional rights
description: DRM bridge infrastructure
author: Ajay Kumar <[email protected]>
license: GPL and additional rights
description: DRM panel infrastructure
author: Thierry Reding <[email protected]>
depends:
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: drm
vermagic: 5.10.0-11-amd64 SMP mod_unload modversions
sig_id: PKCS#7
signer: Debian Secure Boot CA
sig_key: 4B:6E:F5:AB:CA:66:98:25:17:8E:05:2C:84:66:7C:CB:C0:53:1F:8C
sig_hashalgo: sha256
signature: 6A:01:C0:42:CA:61:EB:E7:CA:FA:A1:22:62:41:E4:50:87:00:B2:B9:
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B1:56:50:1C:8D:26:7D:6A:A6:36:09:3F:FE:89:AC:8D
parm: edid_firmware:Do not probe monitor, use specified EDID blob from built-in data or /lib/firmware instead. (string)
parm: vblankoffdelay:Delay until vblank irq auto-disable [msecs] (0: never disable, <0: disable immediately) (int)
parm: timestamp_precision_usec:Max. error on timestamps [usecs] (int)
parm: debug:Enable debug output, where each bit enables a debug category.
Bit 0 (0x01) will enable CORE messages (drm core code)
Bit 1 (0x02) will enable DRIVER messages (drm controller code)
Bit 2 (0x04) will enable KMS messages (modesetting code)
Bit 3 (0x08) will enable PRIME messages (prime code)
Bit 4 (0x10) will enable ATOMIC messages (atomic code)
Bit 5 (0x20) will enable VBL messages (vblank code)
Bit 7 (0x80) will enable LEASE messages (leasing code)
Bit 8 (0x100) will enable DP messages (displayport code) (int)
parm: edid_fixup:Minimum number of valid EDID header bytes (0-8, default 6) (int)