최종 편집 귀하의 의견에 감사드립니다. 확실히 많은 것을 배웠습니다. 불행하게도 그들은 하드 드라이브를 반환하기로 결정한 후 자체 테스트를 실시한 후 장치에 결함이 있다는 결론을 내렸습니다.
최근에 Ubuntu 컴퓨터에 추가하기 위해 내부 4TB 하드 드라이브를 구입했습니다. 이것은 기존 컴퓨터에 하드 드라이브를 추가하고 특정 위치에 마운트하려는 첫 번째 시도입니다. 불행하게도 몇 가지 문제가 발생했는데 제가 본 유사한 게시물 중 어느 것도 내 문제를 완전히 해결하지 못했습니다. 그래서 나는 내가 이해한 것, 내가 따라온 단계, 내가 직면한 오류에 대해 완전한 분석을 제공하려고 노력할 것입니다.
내 우분투 버전:
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal
먼저, HDD에 파티션을 추가하고 HDD를 마운트하려는 시도가 여러 번 실패한 후 테이블을 종료했으므로 이를 기준으로 삼으십시오.
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=1M count=10
디스크는 /dev/sdc입니다.
lsblk를 사용할 때의 출력은 다음과 같습니다(sdc는 맨 아래에 있음).
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 55.5M 1 loop /snap/core18/2074
loop1 7:1 0 4K 1 loop /snap/bare/5
loop2 7:2 0 55.4M 1 loop /snap/core18/2128
loop3 7:3 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/66
loop4 7:4 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/72
loop5 7:5 0 65.1M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1515
loop6 7:6 0 65.2M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1519
loop7 7:7 0 51M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/542
loop8 7:8 0 51M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/547
loop9 7:9 0 32.3M 1 loop /snap/snapd/13170
loop10 7:10 0 32.4M 1 loop /snap/snapd/13270
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 465.3G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 116M 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 506M 0 part
└─sdb3 8:19 0 930.9G 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 from
그리고 sudo fdisk -l을 사용하세요
Disk /dev/sdc: 3.65 TiB, 4000787030016 bytes, 7814037168 sectors
Disk model: TOSHIBA MG03ACA4
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
그런 다음 gdisk(시도한 parted)를 사용하여 유형과 이름 등으로 파티션 테이블을 할당합니다.
새 파티션 추가:
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 1
First sector (34-7814037134, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 2048
Last sector (2048-7814037134, default = 7814037134) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 7814037134
Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'
살펴 보겠습니다 p(인쇄)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 7814037134 3.6 TiB 8300 Linux filesystem
나는 그것을 상점이라고 부르고 싶다.
Command (? for help): c store
Using 1
Enter name: store
(인쇄 후)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 7814037134 3.6 TiB 8300 store
마지막으로 파티션 테이블을 디스크에 쓰고 종료합니다( 사용 w).
Command (? for help): w
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdc.
The operation has completed successfully.
드라이브와 마운트 지점을 다시 살펴보겠습니다( lsblk).
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 55.5M 1 loop /snap/core18/2074
loop1 7:1 0 4K 1 loop /snap/bare/5
loop2 7:2 0 55.4M 1 loop /snap/core18/2128
loop3 7:3 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/66
loop4 7:4 0 219M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/72
loop5 7:5 0 65.1M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1515
loop6 7:6 0 65.2M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1519
loop7 7:7 0 51M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/542
loop8 7:8 0 51M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/547
loop9 7:9 0 32.3M 1 loop /snap/snapd/13170
loop10 7:10 0 32.4M 1 loop /snap/snapd/13270
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 465.3G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 116M 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 506M 0 part
└─sdb3 8:19 0 930.9G 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 3.7T 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
이제 드라이브를 /store라는 위치에 마운트하려고 합니다(예, sdc1의 파티션과 동일한 이름입니다. 혼란스럽지 않기를 바랍니다). 여기서 오류가 발생합니다.
(base) anthony@Shodan:/dev$ sudo mount -o rw /dev/sdc1 /store
mount: /store: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdc1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.
여기서 무엇을 해야할지 정말 모르겠습니다. 위와 동일한 과정을 반복했지만 parted를 사용했습니다. 이 단계는 성공했지만 설치하려고 하면 다시 실패했습니다.
편집 #1 귀하의 의견에 감사드립니다. 내가 파일 시스템을 만들지 않았기 때문에 다음 명령을 실행했지만 오류가 발생했습니다.
(base) anthony@Shodan:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1
[sudo] password for anthony:
mke2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Creating filesystem with 976754385 4k blocks and 244195328 inodes
Filesystem UUID: d6b2219f-b4fe-490b-bf21-513fec50c625
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: mkfs.ext4: Input/output error while writing out and closing file system
그런 다음 smartmodtools를 설치하고 smartctl을 사용하여 새 드라이브를 테스트했지만 추가 문제가 발생했습니다.
(base) anthony@Shodan:~$ sudo smartctl --smart=on -T permissive /dev/sdc
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.11.0-37-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
Short INQUIRY response, skip product id
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
unable to fetch IEC (SMART) mode page [scsi response fails sanity test]
A mandatory SMART command failed: exiting. To continue, add one or more '-T permissive' options.
편집 #2 나는 아직도 그 역동적인 작업을 만들기 위해 노력하고 있습니다. 디스크는 SMART를 지원하며(BIOS를 확인함) 커널에 표시되는 내용은 다음과 같습니다.
(base) anthony@Shodan:/$ dmesg | egrep -i "sdc"
[ 1.696642] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] 7814037168 512-byte logical blocks: (4.00 TB/3.64 TiB)
[ 1.696658] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
[ 1.696661] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[ 1.696680] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 1.930394] sdc: sdc1
[ 1.943940] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk
[ 2857.111158] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=90s
[ 2857.111168] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 35 c0 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111172] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 901777408 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111184] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775360, lost async page write
[ 2857.111191] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775361, lost async page write
[ 2857.111199] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775362, lost async page write
[ 2857.111204] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775363, lost async page write
[ 2857.111208] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775364, lost async page write
[ 2857.111212] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775365, lost async page write
[ 2857.111215] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775366, lost async page write
[ 2857.111223] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 901775367, lost async page write
[ 2857.111365] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111370] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 36 00 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111371] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 905971712 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111375] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 905969664, lost async page write
[ 2857.111378] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 905969665, lost async page write
[ 2857.111407] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111410] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 36 40 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111410] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 910166016 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111430] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111432] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 36 80 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111433] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 914360320 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111451] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111453] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 36 c0 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111454] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 918554624 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111471] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111473] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 37 00 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111474] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 922748928 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x100000 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111484] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111486] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 37 40 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111487] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 926943232 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111517] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111520] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 37 80 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111521] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 931137536 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111539] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111541] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 37 c0 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111542] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 935331840 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 2857.111567] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 2857.111569] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 00 38 00 08 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 2857.111570] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 939526144 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 8 prio class 0
[ 3053.218272] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3053.218285] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00
[ 3638.943105] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3638.943112] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 2c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00
[ 3653.216166] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3653.216179] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00
[ 3971.568186] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3971.568192] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Synchronize Cache(10) 35 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
[ 3971.568197] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 0 prio class 0
[ 3971.568235] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3971.568237] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00
[ 3971.568238] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 4 prio class 0
[ 3971.568256] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3971.568258] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 3971.568259] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[ 3971.568262] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc, logical block 0, async page read
[ 3971.568276] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 3971.568278] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[ 3971.568279] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 0 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[ 3971.568281] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc, logical block 0, async page read
[ 3971.569093] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 3971.569103] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 3971.569160] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 3971.569164] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 3971.569203] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[ 3971.569280] sdc: detected capacity change from 7814037168 to 0
[ 4048.513170] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 4048.513175] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 4048.513197] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 4048.513198] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 4053.558167] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 4053.558170] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 4053.558188] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 4053.558189] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense not available.
[ 4253.213080] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 4253.213094] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00
[ 4853.209760] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[ 4853.209774] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00