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큰따옴표 안에 있을 때 새 줄을 고려하지 않도록 cat(아마도 grep?)에게 어떻게 요청할 수 있나요?

tag-icon • tag-icon bash grep cat newlines
큰따옴표 안에 있을 때 새 줄을 고려하지 않도록 cat(아마도 grep?)에게 어떻게 요청할 수 있나요?

csv다음과 같이 시작하는 큰 파일이 있습니다 .

codeRegion,nomEPCI,codeDepartement,nomCommune,populationTotale,titre,objet,site_web,libelle_objet_social1,libelle_objet_social2,siret,numero_waldec,nombreAnneesExistence,date_creation,nombreAnneesDerniereDeclaration,date_derniere_declaration,position_activite,date_dissolution,codeCommune,adresse_siege_complement,adresse_siege_numero_voie,adresse_siege_type_voie,adresse_siege_libelle_voie,adresse_siege_distribution,adresse_siege_code_postal,nom_declarant,adresse_gestion_complement_association,adresse_gestion_complement_geo,adresse_gestion_libelle_voie,adresse_gestion_distribution_facturation,adresse_gestion_code_postal,adresse_gestion_achemine,adresse_gestion_pays,civilite_declarant,codeEPCI
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ABSOLU MAS/KA,"organiser des manifestations sociales et culturelles ainsi que des activités de loisirs","",Action socio-culturelle,"Clubs de loisirs, relations","",W9G2015492,0.5808219178082191,2020-02-05,0.5808219178082191,2020-02-05,A,0001-01-01,97101,62 Résidence les Lavandes,62,RES,Boisripeaux,_Boisripeaux,97139,"","",RÉSIDENCE LES LAVANDES,62  RESIDENCE BOISRIPEAUX,"",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,AMBITION PLUS DE TERRASSON,proposer des activités sportives et culturelles,"",Action socio-culturelle,"Sports, activités de plein air","",W9G2015457,0.6356164383561644,2020-01-16,0.6356164383561644,2020-01-16,A,0001-01-01,97101,Maison Andreopa Marcel,3,CHEM1,"Route de Terrasson, Rue Albert Léogane",_97139,97139,"","",MAISON ANDREOPA MARCEL,3  CHEMIN ROUTE DE TERRASSO,"",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PF,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION SYNDICALE DE LA RESIDENCE MORNE CARUEL,gérer et d'entretenir les espaces communs cette mission ne comporte pas la possibilité daliéner les espaces indivis si ce n'est au profit de la commune,"",Actions de sensibilisation et d'éducation à l'environnement et au développement durable,"","",W9G2015446,14.797260273972602,2005-11-21,14.797260273972602,2005-11-21,A,0001-01-01,97101,residence morne caruel,"","","",_,97139,"",residence morne caruel,"","","",97139,Les   Abymes,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION SPORTIVE DU LYCEE POLYVALENT CHEVALIER DE SAINT-GEORGES,"organiser et développer en prolongement de l'éducation physique et sportive donnée pendant les heures de scolarité, l'initiation et la pratique sportive pour les élèves qui y adhèrent elle représente l'établissement dans les épreuves sportives scolaires","",Activités de plein air (dont saut à l'élastique),"Centres de loisirs, clubs de loisirs multiples","",W9G2002394,19.87123287671233,2000-10-26,4.742465753424658,2015-12-09,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","",BD,des Héros,_Baimbridge,97139,"","",LYCéE POLYVALENT CHEVALIER SAINT-GEORG,BOULEVARD DES HéROS,BAIMBRIDGE,97139,ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,"LOISIRS, COMPETITIONS, CLUB (LO. CO. CLUB)","participer aux competitions cyclistes
 organiser des manifesta- tions sportives a caractere promotionnel.","",Activités de plein air (dont saut à l'élastique),"Centres de loisirs, clubs de loisirs multiples","",W9G2010818,28.747945205479454,1991-12-13,27.378082191780823,1993-04-26,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","","","",_,97139,"","","","","",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION ETUDIANTE DE TOURISME ET DE LOISIRS.( A.T.O.L.),réunir les anciens élèves ayant eu une formation de tourisme et de loisirs et de promouvoir les actions du brevet de technicien supérieur de tourisme et de loisir,"","Amicales, personnel d’établissements scolaires ou universitaires","Syndicats d'initiative, offices de tourisme, salons du tourisme","",W9G2011048,24.53698630136986,1996-02-27,24.53150684931507,1996-02-29,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","","",Ecole superieure des cadres et techniciens,_Route de la rocade grand-camp,97139,"","","",Ecole superieure des cadres et technic,Route de la rocade grand-camp,97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653

다섯 번째 데이터 줄에는 큰따옴표 사이에 설명이 있고 개행 문자가 포함되어 있습니다. 그것은 완벽하게 작동합니다뛰어나다또는무료 계산기.

특정 프랑스 지역으로 시작하는 행만 유지하면 됩니다. 예를 들어 여기는 "01"(과들루프)입니다.
나는 다음을 실행한다:

# Get the CSV header
head -n1 associations_touristiques.csv > associations_touristiques_gua.csv

# Extract data of region '01'
cat associations_touristiques.csv | grep -a '^01,' >> associations_touristiques_gua.csv

그런데 기말고사가 csv망했어요.

codeRegion,nomEPCI,codeDepartement,nomCommune,populationTotale,titre,objet,site_web,libelle_objet_social1,libelle_objet_social2,siret,numero_waldec,nombreAnneesExistence,date_creation,nombreAnneesDerniereDeclaration,date_derniere_declaration,position_activite,date_dissolution,codeCommune,adresse_siege_complement,adresse_siege_numero_voie,adresse_siege_type_voie,adresse_siege_libelle_voie,adresse_siege_distribution,adresse_siege_code_postal,nom_declarant,adresse_gestion_complement_association,adresse_gestion_complement_geo,adresse_gestion_libelle_voie,adresse_gestion_distribution_facturation,adresse_gestion_code_postal,adresse_gestion_achemine,adresse_gestion_pays,civilite_declarant,codeEPCI
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ABSOLU MAS/KA,"organiser des manifestations sociales et culturelles ainsi que des activités de loisirs","",Action socio-culturelle,"Clubs de loisirs, relations","",W9G2015492,0.5808219178082191,2020-02-05,0.5808219178082191,2020-02-05,A,0001-01-01,97101,62 Résidence les Lavandes,62,RES,Boisripeaux,_Boisripeaux,97139,"","",RÉSIDENCE LES LAVANDES,62  RESIDENCE BOISRIPEAUX,"",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,AMBITION PLUS DE TERRASSON,proposer des activités sportives et culturelles,"",Action socio-culturelle,"Sports, activités de plein air","",W9G2015457,0.6356164383561644,2020-01-16,0.6356164383561644,2020-01-16,A,0001-01-01,97101,Maison Andreopa Marcel,3,CHEM1,"Route de Terrasson, Rue Albert Léogane",_97139,97139,"","",MAISON ANDREOPA MARCEL,3  CHEMIN ROUTE DE TERRASSO,"",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PF,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION SYNDICALE DE LA RESIDENCE MORNE CARUEL,gérer et d'entretenir les espaces communs cette mission ne comporte pas la possibilité daliéner les espaces indivis si ce n'est au profit de la commune,"",Actions de sensibilisation et d'éducation à l'environnement et au développement durable,"","",W9G2015446,14.797260273972602,2005-11-21,14.797260273972602,2005-11-21,A,0001-01-01,97101,residence morne caruel,"","","",_,97139,"",residence morne caruel,"","","",97139,Les   Abymes,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION SPORTIVE DU LYCEE POLYVALENT CHEVALIER DE SAINT-GEORGES,"organiser et développer en prolongement de l'éducation physique et sportive donnée pendant les heures de scolarité, l'initiation et la pratique sportive pour les élèves qui y adhèrent elle représente l'établissement dans les épreuves sportives scolaires","",Activités de plein air (dont saut à l'élastique),"Centres de loisirs, clubs de loisirs multiples","",W9G2002394,19.87123287671233,2000-10-26,4.742465753424658,2015-12-09,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","",BD,des Héros,_Baimbridge,97139,"","",LYCéE POLYVALENT CHEVALIER SAINT-GEORG,BOULEVARD DES HéROS,BAIMBRIDGE,97139,ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,"LOISIRS, COMPETITIONS, CLUB (LO. CO. CLUB)","participer aux competitions cyclistes
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION ETUDIANTE DE TOURISME ET DE LOISIRS.( A.T.O.L.),réunir les anciens élèves ayant eu une formation de tourisme et de loisirs et de promouvoir les actions du brevet de technicien supérieur de tourisme et de loisir,"","Amicales, personnel d’établissements scolaires ou universitaires","Syndicats d'initiative, offices de tourisme, salons du tourisme","",W9G2011048,24.53698630136986,1996-02-27,24.53150684931507,1996-02-29,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","","",Ecole superieure des cadres et techniciens,_Route de la rocade grand-camp,97139,"","","",Ecole superieure des cadres et technic,Route de la rocade grand-camp,97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653
01,CA CAP Excellence,971,Abymes,54049,ASSOCIATION AMICALE DES AGENTS D'ENTRETIEN DE LA MUNICIPALITE DES ABYMES.,"realiser des rencontres et echanges d'ordre culturel, sportif, social avec toutes categories de personnel communal et autres associations ou groupements.","",Association du personnel d'une entreprise (hors caractère syndical),"Comités de défense et d'animation de quartier, association locale ou municipale","",W9G2012061,31.56986301369863,1989-02-16,31.56986301369863,1989-02-16,A,0001-01-01,97101,"","","","",_,97139,"","","","","",97139,LES ABYMES,FRANCE,PM,200018653

5번째 줄은 다음과 같이 잘립니다.자전거 타는 사람.

cat명령이 큰따옴표 안에 있을 때 개행을 고려하지 않는 올바른 방법은 무엇입니까?
나중에 변경해야 합니까? 그렇다면 어떻게 해야 합니까?grep

답변1

csvgrep다음에서 사용csvkitcodeRegion문자열이 포함된 값이 있는 모든 레코드를 추출하는 패키지 01:

csvgrep -c codeRegion -m 01 file.csv

이는 올바른 CSV 파서를 사용하므로 올바르게 인용된 필드에 줄 바꿈이나 쉼표 문제가 없습니다.

이 -c옵션은 숫자나 이름으로 조사하려는 열을 선택하고 -m일치시킬 문자열을 지정합니다. 예를 들어 하위 문자열이 있는 문자열 일치를 방지하기 -r위해 정규식을 사용하여 일치시킬 수도 있습니다 ( 에서처럼 ). 바라보다 .-r '^01$'01011csvgrep --help

답변2

awk '/^01/||n%2{print;n+=gsub(/"/,"&")}' file

각 행에 대해

  • /^01/||n%2행이 01또는 n(초기 0)로 시작하면 홀수입니다.
    • print인쇄해 보세요
    • n+=gsub(/"/,"&")n함수의 반환 값만큼 증가합니다 gsub. 그러면 각 큰따옴표가 그 자체로
      대체됩니다 . 실제로 이는 의미가 없지만 대체된 횟수도 반환하므로 해당 줄에 있는 큰따옴표의 개수를 계산하는 방법입니다./"/"&"

n홀수( ) 인 경우 n%2해당 줄에는 닫는 큰따옴표가 없으므로 다음 줄에 일치하는 항목이 있는지 여부 n에 관계없이 짝수가 될 때 까지 계속 인쇄됩니다./^01/

차이점을 나란히 설명하면 다음과 같습니다.

$ diff -yW 30 <(cat file) <(awk '/^01/||n%2{print;n+=gsub(/"/,"&")}' file)
04,xde        <
01,abc"         01,abc"
cd              cd
as"             as"
02,dsad       <
03,1ad"       <
01,as,"as       01,as,"as
us"             us"
02,s          <
01,a            01,a

관련 정보