분명히 pulseaudio는 설치되지 않았음에도 사운드 장치를 사용하고 있습니다. 어디서부터 채굴을 시작해야 할까요?
speaker-test
lsof /dev/snd/*
fuser -fv /dev/snd/*
apt-get remove pulseaudio
산출
speaker-test 1.1.8
Playback device is default
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Playback open error: -16,Device or resource busy
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
alsactl 384 root 4r CHR 116,0 0t0 9573 /dev/snd/controlC0
alsactl 384 root 5r CHR 116,32 0t0 9681 /dev/snd/controlC1
pulseaudi 3336 root mem CHR 116,56 9680 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0c
pulseaudi 3336 root mem CHR 116,17 9571 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1p
pulseaudi 3336 root 17u CHR 116,0 0t0 9573 /dev/snd/controlC0
pulseaudi 3336 root 18u CHR 116,17 0t0 9571 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1p
pulseaudi 3336 root 19u CHR 116,0 0t0 9573 /dev/snd/controlC0
pulseaudi 3336 root 20r CHR 116,33 0t0 1989 /dev/snd/timer
pulseaudi 3336 root 25u CHR 116,32 0t0 9681 /dev/snd/controlC1
pulseaudi 3336 root 26u CHR 116,56 0t0 9680 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0c
pulseaudi 3336 root 27r CHR 116,33 0t0 1989 /dev/snd/timer
384 3336 384 3336 3336 3336 3336
..
Package 'pulseaudio' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
rpi.gpio-common vlc-l10n vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-samba
vlc-plugin-video-splitter vlc-plugin-visualization
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 181 not upgraded.