Linux Mint 18.x에서 IPv6 DNS 서버 설정을 수정하는 방법은 무엇입니까?

운영 체제: Linux Mint 18.2 Cinnamon + Windows 10 Pro 듀얼 부팅.

방금 이 웹사이트를 이용했어요http://test-ipv6.com/내 IPv6 준비 상태를 확인하세요.

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Windows 10 Pro의 결과:

Linux Mint 18.2 Cinnamon의 결과:

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보시다시피 저는일부내 Linux Mint의 DNS 설정에 문제가 있습니다. 그러나 예를 들어 네트워크 설정 - IPv6 섹션에서는 모든 것이 켜져 있는 것 같습니다.

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실패한 DNS 설정을 어디서 찾을 수 있는지 잘 모르겠습니다. 아니면 Linux Mint 18은 아직 IPv6를 사용할 준비가 되어 있지 않습니까?

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편집 1:

$ cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 209.222.18.222
nameserver 209.222.18.218

하지만 Network Manager에서는 Google DNS가 기본 DNS로, 내 IPS가 보조 DNS로 표시됩니다. 이는 라우터 DHCP의 IPv4 섹션에서 구성했습니다.

내 노트북이 이것을 사용하고 있다고 생각합니다.

$ nmcli dev show | grep DNS

IP4.DNS[1]:                             8.8.8.8
IP4.DNS[2]:                             10.255.255.10
IP6.DNS[1]:                             2a02:768:0:1010::3
IP6.DNS[2]:                             2a02:768:0:1010::2

IPv6를 전혀 이해하지 못한다는 점은 인정하지만 Windows에서 테스트하는 이유를 이해하지 못하므로 IPv6는 완전히 작동하지만 Linux에서는 작동하지 않습니다.

$ cat /etc/gai.conf

# Configuration for getaddrinfo(3).
#
# So far only configuration for the destination address sorting is needed.
# RFC 3484 governs the sorting.  But the RFC also says that system
# administrators should be able to overwrite the defaults.  This can be
# achieved here.
#
# All lines have an initial identifier specifying the option followed by
# up to two values.  Information specified in this file replaces the
# default information.  Complete absence of data of one kind causes the
# appropriate default information to be used.  The supported commands include:
#
# reload  <yes|no>
#    If set to yes, each getaddrinfo(3) call will check whether this file
#    changed and if necessary reload.  This option should not really be
#    used.  There are possible runtime problems.  The default is no.
#
# label   <mask>   <value>
#    Add another rule to the RFC 3484 label table.  See section 2.1 in
#    RFC 3484.  The default is:
#
#label ::1/128       0
#label ::/0          1
#label 2002::/16     2
#label ::/96         3
#label ::ffff:0:0/96 4
#label fec0::/10     5
#label fc00::/7      6
#label 2001:0::/32   7
#
#    This default differs from the tables given in RFC 3484 by handling
#    (now obsolete) site-local IPv6 addresses and Unique Local Addresses.
#    The reason for this difference is that these addresses are never
#    NATed while IPv4 site-local addresses most probably are.  Given
#    the precedence of IPv6 over IPv4 (see below) on machines having only
#    site-local IPv4 and IPv6 addresses a lookup for a global address would
#    see the IPv6 be preferred.  The result is a long delay because the
#    site-local IPv6 addresses cannot be used while the IPv4 address is
#    (at least for the foreseeable future) NATed.  We also treat Teredo
#    tunnels special.
#
# precedence  <mask>   <value>
#    Add another rule to the RFC 3484 precedence table.  See section 2.1
#    and 10.3 in RFC 3484.  The default is:
#
#precedence  ::1/128       50
#precedence  ::/0          40
#precedence  2002::/16     30
#precedence ::/96          20
#precedence ::ffff:0:0/96  10
#
#    For sites which prefer IPv4 connections change the last line to
#
precedence ::ffff:0:0/96  100

#
# scopev4  <mask>  <value>
#    Add another rule to the RFC 6724 scope table for IPv4 addresses.
#    By default the scope IDs described in section 3.2 in RFC 6724 are
#    used.  Changing these defaults should hardly ever be necessary.
#    The defaults are equivalent to:
#
#scopev4 ::ffff:169.254.0.0/112  2
#scopev4 ::ffff:127.0.0.0/104    2
#scopev4 ::ffff:0.0.0.0/96       14

따라서 거의 모든 것이 주석 처리되어 있습니다.

또한 내가 어떤 DHCP 클라이언트를 사용하고 있는지 물으셨습니다.

$ dhclient --help

Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.3
...

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편집 2:

$ cat /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf

# Configuration file for /sbin/dhclient.
#
# This is a sample configuration file for dhclient. See dhclient.conf's
#   man page for more information about the syntax of this file
#   and a more comprehensive list of the parameters understood by
#   dhclient.
#
# Normally, if the DHCP server provides reasonable information and does
#   not leave anything out (like the domain name, for example), then
#   few changes must be made to this file, if any.
#

option rfc3442-classless-static-routes code 121 = array of unsigned integer 8;

send host-name = gethostname();
request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
    domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
    dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search, dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers,
    netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
    rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers;

#send dhcp-client-identifier 1:0:a0:24:ab:fb:9c;
#send dhcp-lease-time 3600;
#supersede domain-name "fugue.com home.vix.com";
#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
#require subnet-mask, domain-name-servers;
timeout 300;
#retry 60;
#reboot 10;
#select-timeout 5;
#initial-interval 2;
#script "/sbin/dhclient-script";
#media "-link0 -link1 -link2", "link0 link1";
#reject 192.33.137.209;

#alias {
#  interface "eth0";
#  fixed-address 192.5.5.213;
#  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.255;
#}

#lease {
#  interface "eth0";
#  fixed-address 192.33.137.200;
#  medium "link0 link1";
#  option host-name "andare.swiftmedia.com";
#  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
#  option broadcast-address 192.33.137.255;
#  option routers 192.33.137.250;
#  option domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
#  renew 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#  rebind 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#  expire 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#}

편집 3:

위 줄 뒤에 IPv6 줄을 복사하여 붙여넣습니다.

cat /etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf 

# Configuration file for /sbin/dhclient.
#
# This is a sample configuration file for dhclient. See dhclient.conf's
#   man page for more information about the syntax of this file
#   and a more comprehensive list of the parameters understood by
#   dhclient.
#
# Normally, if the DHCP server provides reasonable information and does
#   not leave anything out (like the domain name, for example), then
#   few changes must be made to this file, if any.
#

option rfc3442-classless-static-routes code 121 = array of unsigned integer 8;

send host-name = gethostname();
request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers,
    dhcp6.name-servers, dhcp6.domain-search, dhcp6.fqdn, dhcp6.sntp-servers,
    domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name,
    netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu,
    rfc3442-classless-static-routes, ntp-servers;

#send dhcp-client-identifier 1:0:a0:24:ab:fb:9c;
#send dhcp-lease-time 3600;
#supersede domain-name "fugue.com home.vix.com";
#prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
#require subnet-mask, domain-name-servers;
timeout 300;
#retry 60;
#reboot 10;
#select-timeout 5;
#initial-interval 2;
#script "/sbin/dhclient-script";
#media "-link0 -link1 -link2", "link0 link1";
#reject 192.33.137.209;

#alias {
#  interface "eth0";
#  fixed-address 192.5.5.213;
#  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.255;
#}

#lease {
#  interface "eth0";
#  fixed-address 192.33.137.200;
#  medium "link0 link1";
#  option host-name "andare.swiftmedia.com";
#  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
#  option broadcast-address 192.33.137.255;
#  option routers 192.33.137.250;
#  option domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;
#  renew 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#  rebind 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#  expire 2 2000/1/12 00:00:01;
#}

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편집 4:

어쩌면 내가 변경하지 않은 VPN 제공업체 앱일 수도 있습니다. 현재 VPN을 사용하고 있지 않기 때문에 내 Linux가 IPv6을 지원하는지 테스트하고 싶었습니다. resolv.conf의 이름 서버는 VPN 공급자인 Private Internet Access에 속합니다.

resolv.conf업데이트되지 않는 이유를 찾으려고 노력 중입니다 .

$ lsattr /etc/resolv.conf

-------------e-- /etc/resolv.conf

편집 5:

$ sudo tcpdump -i eth0 udp port 53

tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
13:28:35.416720 IP 192.168.0.11.46858 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 22927+ A? imap.gmail.com. (32)
13:28:35.416730 IP 192.168.0.11.46858 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 8909+ AAAA? imap.gmail.com. (32)
13:28:35.416974 IP 192.168.0.11.39732 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 35471+ PTR? 222.18.222.209.in-addr.arpa. (45)
13:28:35.436305 IP 192.168.0.11.52326 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 65414+ A? live.mozillamessaging.com. (43)
13:28:35.436310 IP 192.168.0.11.52326 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 30886+ AAAA? live.mozillamessaging.com. (43)
13:28:35.478049 IP 192.168.0.11.46175 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 5292+ A? mx.endora.cz. (30)
13:28:35.478053 IP 192.168.0.11.46175 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 16624+ AAAA? mx.endora.cz. (30)
13:28:35.815497 IP 192.168.0.11.50734 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 17117+ A? clients1.google.com. (37)
13:28:35.815508 IP 192.168.0.11.50734 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 34551+ AAAA? clients1.google.com. (37)
13:28:35.816481 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.46175: 5292 1/0/0 A 88.86.120.212 (46)
13:28:35.818739 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.46175: 16624 0/1/0 (86)
13:28:35.959874 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.50734: 17117 2/0/0 CNAME clients.l.google.com., A 172.217.12.142 (77)
13:28:35.959899 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.50734: 34551 2/0/0 CNAME clients.l.google.com., AAAA 2607:f8b0:4006:819::200e (89)
13:28:35.972396 IP 192.168.0.11.50409 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 53313+ A? ocsp2.globalsign.com. (38)
13:28:35.972406 IP 192.168.0.11.50409 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 62184+ AAAA? ocsp2.globalsign.com. (38)
13:28:36.145921 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.50409: 62184 3/0/0 CNAME cdn.globalsigncdn.com., AAAA 2400:cb00:2048:1::681f:4a7c, AAAA 2400:cb00:2048:1::681f:4b7c (126)
13:28:36.153394 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.50409: 53313 3/0/0 CNAME cdn.globalsigncdn.com., A 104.31.75.124, A 104.31.74.124 (102)
13:28:36.345446 IP 192.168.0.11.39036 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 49155+ A? www.googleapis.com. (36)
13:28:36.345462 IP 192.168.0.11.39036 > resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain: 10791+ AAAA? www.googleapis.com. (36)
13:28:36.483314 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.39036: 49155 13/0/0 CNAME googleapis.l.google.com., A 172.217.6.234, A 172.217.10.234, A 172.217.12.170, A 172.217.12.202, A 172.217.9.234, A 172.217.10.10, A 172.217.10.42, A 172.217.10.74, A 172.217.10.138, A 172.217.3.106, A 172.217.12.138, A 172.217.6.202 (262)
13:28:36.483344 IP resolver1.privateinternetaccess.com.domain > 192.168.0.11.39036: 10791 2/0/0 CNAME googleapis.l.google.com., AAAA 2607:f8b0:4006:812::200a (98)
^C

편집 6:

sudo dhclient -r
sudo dhclient -v eth0


Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.3
Copyright 2004-2015 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Listening on LPF/eth0/d8:50:e6:05:e1:db
Sending on   LPF/eth0/d8:50:e6:05:e1:db
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x3ede007c)
DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.0.11 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x7c00de3e)
DHCPOFFER of 192.168.0.11 from 192.168.0.1
DHCPACK of 192.168.0.11 from 192.168.0.1
/etc/resolvconf/update.d/libc: Warning: /etc/resolv.conf is not a symbolic link to /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf
bound to 192.168.0.11 -- renewal in 2147483648 seconds.

편집 7:

$ sudo tcpdump -i eth0 -vvv -n port 68

tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
14:30:18.135530 IP (tos 0x10, ttl 128, id 0, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 328)
    0.0.0.0.68 > 255.255.255.255.67: [udp sum ok] BOOTP/DHCP, Request from d8:50:e6:05:e1:db, length 300, xid 0x7a30842b, Flags [none] (0x0000)
      Client-Ethernet-Address d8:50:e6:05:e1:db
      Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions
        Magic Cookie 0x63825363
        DHCP-Message Option 53, length 1: Request
        Requested-IP Option 50, length 4: 192.168.0.11
        Hostname Option 12, length 10: "vb-nb-mint"
        Parameter-Request Option 55, length 18: 
          Subnet-Mask, BR, Time-Zone, Default-Gateway
          Domain-Name, Domain-Name-Server, Option 119, Hostname
          Netbios-Name-Server, Netbios-Scope, MTU, Classless-Static-Route
          NTP, Classless-Static-Route, Classless-Static-Route-Microsoft, Static-Route
          Option 252, NTP
        END Option 255, length 0
        PAD Option 0, length 0, occurs 18
14:30:18.136280 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 15220, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 576)
    192.168.0.1.67 > 192.168.0.11.68: [udp sum ok] BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 548, xid 0x7a30842b, Flags [none] (0x0000)
      Your-IP 192.168.0.11
      Client-Ethernet-Address d8:50:e6:05:e1:db
      Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions
        Magic Cookie 0x63825363
        DHCP-Message Option 53, length 1: ACK
        Server-ID Option 54, length 4: 192.168.0.1
        Lease-Time Option 51, length 4: 4294967295
        Subnet-Mask Option 1, length 4: 255.255.255.0
        Default-Gateway Option 3, length 4: 192.168.0.1
        Domain-Name-Server Option 6, length 8: 8.8.8.8,10.255.255.10
        END Option 255, length 0
        PAD Option 0, length 0, occurs 270
^C

+

$ cat /run/resolvconf/resolv.conf

# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 10.255.255.10
nameserver 127.0.1.1