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udev 규칙이 실행되지만 모든 실행 명령이 실패합니다.

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udev 규칙이 실행되지만 모든 실행 명령이 실패합니다.

Raspberry Pi에서 Raspian(Debian) Stretch를 사용하는 동안 이상한 udev 문제가 발생했습니다. USB 플래시 드라이브가 연결되면 실행되는 간단한 udev 규칙은 다음과 같습니다.

# /etc/udev/rules.d/70-usb-test.rules
KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", RUN+="/opt/bin/usb-test.sh"
KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", SYMLINK+="usb-test"

내용 /opt/bin/usb-test.sh(스크립트는 실행 가능으로 표시됨):

#!/bin/bash
date >> /var/log/usb-test.log

심볼릭 링크는 생성되지만 /dev/usb-test파일은 생성되지 않습니다 /var/log/usb-test.log.

이것은 다음의 출력입니다 tail /var/log/syslog.

Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.740128] scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access                               0.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.747435] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.748278] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] 15794176 512-byte logical blocks: (8.09 GB/7.53 GiB)
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.748810] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.748827] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.749235] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Asking for cache data failed
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.749247] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.909187]  sdc: sdc1
Oct 30 15:24:02 raspberrypi kernel: [ 9382.913033] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
Oct 30 15:24:03 raspberrypi systemd-udevd[3853]: Process '/opt/bin/usb-test.sh' failed with exit code 1.

lsusb:

$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 20a0:0006 Clay Logic 
Bus 001 Device 011: ID 1307:0165 Transcend Information, Inc. 2GB/4GB/8GB Flash Drive
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0480:a009 Toshiba America Inc Stor.E Basics
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 0480:a202 Toshiba America Inc Canvio Basics HDD
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 1a40:0101 Terminus Technology Inc. Hub
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMC9514 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

udevadm 모니터:

$ udevadm monitor
monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing
KERNEL - the kernel uevent

KERNEL[9851.384334] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3 (usb)
KERNEL[9851.402507] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0 (usb)
KERNEL[9851.418037] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2 (scsi)
KERNEL[9851.418582] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/scsi_host/host2 (scsi_host)
UDEV  [9851.545506] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3 (usb)
UDEV  [9851.570276] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0 (usb)
UDEV  [9851.593606] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2 (scsi)
UDEV  [9851.615895] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/scsi_host/host2 (scsi_host)
KERNEL[9852.486019] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0 (scsi)
KERNEL[9852.486271] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0 (scsi)
KERNEL[9852.486448] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_disk/2:0:0:0 (scsi_disk)
KERNEL[9852.486620] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_device/2:0:0:0 (scsi_device)
KERNEL[9852.494568] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_generic/sg2 (scsi_generic)
KERNEL[9852.496172] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/bsg/2:0:0:0 (bsg)
KERNEL[9852.498091] add      /devices/virtual/bdi/8:32 (bdi)
UDEV  [9852.549816] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0 (scsi)
UDEV  [9852.560113] add      /devices/virtual/bdi/8:32 (bdi)
UDEV  [9852.590072] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0 (scsi)
KERNEL[9852.659280] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc (block)
KERNEL[9852.659644] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc/sdc1 (block)
UDEV  [9852.679376] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_disk/2:0:0:0 (scsi_disk)
UDEV  [9852.726897] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_device/2:0:0:0 (scsi_device)
UDEV  [9852.741386] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/bsg/2:0:0:0 (bsg)
UDEV  [9852.745223] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/scsi_generic/sg2 (scsi_generic)
UDEV  [9853.032330] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc (block)
UDEV  [9853.256996] add      /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc/sdc1 (block)

무슨 일인지 아는 사람 있나요?

답변1

힘든 일이 일어났습니다. service udev restartudev RUN 명령이 예상대로 작동하려면 udev 서비스를 다시 시작해야 합니다 .

답변2

비슷한 문제가 있었는데 RUN에 전달한 스크립트가 실패했습니다. 이 문제는 systemd-udevd.service 파일에 적용된 권한과 관련이 있습니다. 이러한 권한 중 일부를 비활성화해야 합니다. 내 솔루션은 다음에서 추출됩니다.논의하다.

제 경우 /lib/systemd/system/systemd-udevd.service 파일의 최종 내용은 다음과 같습니다.

[Service]
Type=notify
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
Sockets=systemd-udevd-control.socket systemd-udevd-kernel.socket
Restart=always
RestartSec=0
ExecStart=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
KillMode=mixed
WatchdogSec=3min
TasksMax=infinity
MountFlags=slave
MemoryDenyWriteExecute=yes
RestrictRealtime=yes
RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_UNIX AF_NETLINK AF_INET AF_INET6e

제가 제공한 링크에서 제안한 대로 빠른 해결책은 다음과 같이 마지막 7줄을 주석 처리하는 것입니다.

[Service]
Type=notify
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
Sockets=systemd-udevd-control.socket systemd-udevd-kernel.socket
Restart=always
RestartSec=0
ExecStart=/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
#KillMode=mixed
#WatchdogSec=3min
#TasksMax=infinity
#MountFlags=slave
#MemoryDenyWriteExecute=yes
#RestrictRealtime=yes
#RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_UNIX AF_NETLINK AF_INET AF_INET6e

더 긴 해결책은 주석 처리된 각 플래그의 영향을 연구하고 요구 사항에 적용되는 플래그만 주석 처리하는 것입니다. 그런 다음 다음 명령을 사용하여 서비스를 다시 로드하고 다시 시작하거나 pi를 다시 시작합니다.

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl restart systemd-udevd.service

답변3

동일한 문제가 발생했습니다(USB 플래시 드라이브를 연결할 때 종료 코드 1로 인해 스크립트가 실패했습니다). 방금 해당 줄을 주석 처리했는데 RestrictRealtime=yes이제 잘 작동합니다.

답변4

내 경우 에는 systemd-udevd[123456]: 2-2: Process 'touch /tmp/test.txt' failed with exit code 1../var/log/syslog

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", RUN+="touch /tmp/test.txt"

그런데 touch로 바꾸니 /usr/bin/touch문제가 사라졌습니다.

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", RUN+="/usr/bin/touch /tmp/test.txt"

관련 정보