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mdadm 실패는 명시적인 상태입니까?

tag-icon • tag-icon hard-disk mdadm software-raid
mdadm 실패는 명시적인 상태입니까?

오늘 mdadm메시지를 통해 mailRAID1 어레이의 드라이브 중 하나가 오류 상태에 있습니다.

여분의 드라이브가 있었기 때문에 드라이브를 교체하는 데 아무런 문제가 없었습니다.

실패한 드라이브를 평가하는 방법을 완전히 이해하지 못해 mdadm질문이 있습니다.

오류가 명확한 상태입니까 mdadm, 아니면 어떻게든 드라이브를 복구할 수 있습니까?

예를 들어, 을(를) 사용하여 드라이브에 계속 액세스할 수 있으므로 gdisk드라이브가 기술적으로 아직 죽은 것은 아니므로 이에 대해 문의합니다.

세부 사항:

mdadm --detail /dev/md1

산출:

/dev/md1:
        Version : 1.2
  Creation Time : Sun Mar 26 17:25:30 2017
     Raid Level : raid1
     Array Size : 976630464 (931.39 GiB 1000.07 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 976630464 (931.39 GiB 1000.07 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 2
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

  Intent Bitmap : Internal

    Update Time : Mon Oct  2 07:31:25 2017
          State : clean, degraded
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
 Failed Devices : 1
  Spare Devices : 0

           Name : backup-server:1  (local to host backup-server)
           UUID : 319334f9:76d6fccf:d61307bd:2427b6ba
         Events : 13023

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       49        0      active sync   /dev/sdd1
       -       0        0        1      removed

       1       8       65        -      faulty   /dev/sde1

그리고

hdparm -I /dev/sde

산출:

/dev/sde:

ATA device, with non-removable media
        Model Number:       WDC WD1002F9YZ-09H1JL1
        Serial Number:      WD-WMC5K0D33MEU
        Firmware Revision:  01.01M03
        Transport:          Serial, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
Standards:
        Supported: 8 7 6 5
        Likely used: 8
Configuration:
        Logical         max     current
        cylinders       16383   16383
        heads           16      16
        sectors/track   63      63
        --
        CHS current addressable sectors:    16514064
        LBA    user addressable sectors:   268435455
        LBA48  user addressable sectors:  1953525168
        Logical  Sector size:                   512 bytes
        Physical Sector size:                  4096 bytes
        Logical Sector-0 offset:                  0 bytes
        device size with M = 1024*1024:      953869 MBytes
        device size with M = 1000*1000:     1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
        cache/buffer size  = unknown
        Form Factor: 3.5 inch
        Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 7200
Capabilities:
        LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
        Queue depth: 32
        Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, with device specific minimum
        R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16  Current = 0
        Advanced power management level: 128
        DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
             Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
        PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
             Cycle time: no flow control=120ns  IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
        Enabled Supported:
           *    SMART feature set
                Security Mode feature set
           *    Power Management feature set
           *    Write cache
           *    Look-ahead
           *    WRITE_BUFFER command
           *    READ_BUFFER command
           *    NOP cmd
           *    DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
           *    Advanced Power Management feature set
                Power-Up In Standby feature set
           *    SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
           *    48-bit Address feature set
           *    Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
           *    FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
           *    SMART error logging
           *    SMART self-test
           *    General Purpose Logging feature set
           *    WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
           *    64-bit World wide name
           *    IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
           *    WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
           *    {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
           *    Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
                unknown 119[7]
           *    Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
           *    Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
           *    Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
           *    Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
           *    Phy event counters
           *    Idle-Unload when NCQ is active
           *    NCQ priority information
           *    READ_LOG_DMA_EXT equivalent to READ_LOG_EXT
           *    DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
           *    Software settings preservation
           *    SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
           *    SCT Write Same (AC2)
           *    SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
           *    SCT Features Control (AC4)
           *    SCT Data Tables (AC5)
                unknown 206[7]
                unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
                unknown 206[13] (vendor specific)
           *    DOWNLOAD MICROCODE DMA command
           *    WRITE BUFFER DMA command
           *    READ BUFFER DMA command
Security:
        Master password revision code = 65534
                supported
        not     enabled
        not     locked
        not     frozen
        not     expired: security count
                supported: enhanced erase
        112min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 112min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 50014ee05950af82
        NAA             : 5
        IEEE OUI        : 0014ee
        Unique ID       : 05950af82
Checksum: correct

그리고

smartctl -a /dev/sde

산출:

smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.9.0-3-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Se
Device Model:     WDC WD1002F9YZ-09H1JL1
Serial Number:    WD-WMC5K0D33MEU
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 05950af82
Firmware Version: 01.01M03
User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Form Factor:      3.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Mon Oct  2 07:41:14 2017 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                (10560) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        ( 118) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   5) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x30bd) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   174   171   021    Pre-fail  Always       -       2291
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       202
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   093   093   000    Old_age   Always       -       5402
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       202
 16 Unknown_Attribute       0x0022   255   000   000    Old_age   Always       -       8668797885185
183 Runtime_Bad_Block       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       65
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       136
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   106   094   000    Old_age   Always       -       37
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       20
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

답변1

아직 최종 단계는 아닙니다. 복구 장치를 사용해 볼 수 있습니다 --re-add. 실패한 모든 장치를 자동으로 다시 추가하는 변형도 있습니다.

mdadm --re-add /dev/md1 faulty

커널 로그는 드라이브가 실패로 표시된 이유를 알려줍니다. SMART 상태에 UDMA CRC 오류가 있는 것 같습니다. 다음 명령을 사용하여 드라이브의 확장된 오류 로그를 볼 수도 있습니다.

smartctl -x /dev/sde

이는 오류의 성격을 나타내야 합니다.

Error 10 [9] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 31192 hours (1299 days + 16 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER -- ST COUNT  LBA_48  LH LM LL DV DC
  -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
  40 -- 51 00 00 00 00 73 30 a5 58 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x7330a558 = 1932567896

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FEATR COUNT  LBA_48  LH LM LL DV DC  Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --  ---------------  --------------------
  60 05 00 00 e0 00 00 73 30 a1 00 40 08 13d+02:07:12.334  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 00 d8 00 00 03 d3 aa c0 40 08 13d+02:07:12.334  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 05 00 00 d0 00 00 73 30 9c 00 40 08 13d+02:07:12.327  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 00 c8 00 00 03 d3 a9 90 40 08 13d+02:07:12.327  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 05 00 00 c0 00 00 73 30 97 00 40 08 13d+02:07:12.321  READ FPDMA QUEUED

(내 SMART 테스트 드라이브 중 하나에서).

답변2

fail수정 불가능한 읽기 오류(UCE)로 인해 mdadm이 드라이브를 편집했을 수 있습니다. 커널 로그에서 관련 정보를 검색할 수 있습니다( grep about 시도 sde).

즉, 이는 명확한 상태가 아닙니다. 오류는 고속 쓰기 또는 손상된 케이블을 포함한 여러 가지 일시적인 요인으로 인해 발생할 수 있습니다.

가장 좋은 방법은 하드 드라이브 제조업체의 도구를 사용하여 분석하고 수리하는 것입니다. 그러나 최근 HDD에서는 다음 단계를 시도해 볼 수 있습니다. 저는 지난 몇 년 동안 이 단계를 성공적으로 사용해 왔으며 아직 생산 중인 일부 항목을 50,000시간 이상 복원했습니다. 드라이브 중:

고지 사항: 이 명령을 사용하면 /dev/sde 드라이브의 모든 데이터가 손실됩니다!

  1. SMART 장기 테스트를 시작하세요.smartctl -t long /dev/sde
  2. 모든 드라이브를 0으로 지우기: ( dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sde이것은 복구 루틴 중에 실제로 많은 HDD 제조업체 도구가 수행하는 작업입니다.)
  3. 드라이브를 다시 파티션하세요
  4. 드라이브를 어레이에 다시 추가

이상적으로 [1] 지점은 섹터가 실패하는 지점이어야 하며 [2] 지점은 HDD 논리가 (1) "불량" 섹터를 확실히 불량으로 표시하고 대체 섹터를 찾거나 (2) 복원하는 데 도움이 되어야 합니다. 완전한 손상으로부터 해당 부문.

관련 정보